Perancangan Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade R404A/MC22 pada Reefer Container 1/2 Ton

Fathony, Aulinnuha (2023) Perancangan Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade R404A/MC22 pada Reefer Container 1/2 Ton. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Saat ini reefer container 20 ft dan 40 ft diperkirakan memiliki konsumsi energi sekitar 3,6 kW per TEU. Reefer container biasanya menggunakan sistem refrigerasi konvensional siklus kompresi uap satu tingkat yang mana temperatur ruangan pendingin yang dapat dihasilkan untuk operasional normal adalah sekitar -20 ˚C. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan variasi muatan yang dapat dimuat oleh reefer container, dalam penelitian ini sistem refrigerasi konvensional akan diubah dengan sistem refrigerasi cascade. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sistem refrigerasi cascade serta menganalisis kinerja sistem refrigerasi cascade. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perancangan sistem refrigerasi cascade hanya mampu mencapai suhu ruang -11 0C. Hasil percobaan pada sistem refrigerasi cascade tanpa beban, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan suhu ruang hingga -11 0C adalah 6 jam 59 menit dengan rata-rata high pressure HS sebesar 12,10 bar, low pressure HS sebesar 3,05 bar, high pressure LS sebesar 5,32 bar, dan low pressure LS sebesar 2,37 bar. Sedangkan pada sistem refrigerasi cascade dengan beban, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan suhu ruang hingga -11 0C adalah 13 jam 16 menit dengan rata-rata high pressure HS sebesar 12,13 bar, low pressure HS sebesar 3,64 bar, high pressure LS sebesar 5,39 bar, dan low pressure LS sebesar 2,41 bar. Sementara itu, pada sistem refrigerasi konvensional single stage tanpa beban, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan suhu hingga -11 0C adalah 2 jam 45 menit dengan rata-rata low pressure sebesar 3,3 bar dan high pressure sebesar 16,7 bar. Sedangkan pada sistem refrigerasi konvensional single stage dengan beban, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan suhu hingga -11 0C adalah 10 jam 30 menit dengan rata-rata low pressure sebesar 3,4 bar dan high pressure sebesar 17,4 bar. Dari eksperimen, tekanan low stage pada sistem refrigerasi cascade memiliki nilai yang lebih rendah daripada sistem konvensional single stage, sehingga kerja kompresor LS menjadi lebih ringan serta hilangnya energi dalam bentuk panas akibat kerja kompresi juga dapat dikurangi. COP sistem refrigerasi cascade adalah sebesar 3,125. COP sistem refrigerasi konvensional single stage adalah sebesar 0,972.
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Currently 20 ft and 40 ft reefer containers are estimated to have an energy consumption of around 3.6 kW per TEU. Reefer containers usually use conventional refrigeration systems with a single stage vapor compression cycle where the temperature of the cooling room that can be produced for normal operation is around -20 ˚C. To increase the capability and variety of loads that can be loaded by reefer containers, the research of this conventional refrigeration system will changed with a cascade refrigeration system. The purpose of this research is to design a cascade refrigeration system and to analyze the performance of a cascade refrigeration system. Based on the research results, the design of a cascade refrigeration system is only able to reach a room temperature of -11 0C. The experimental results on a cascade refrigeration system without load, the time needed to reduce the room temperature to -11 0C is 6 hours 59 minutes with an average high pressure HS 12.10 bar, low pressure HS 3.05 bar, high pressure LS 5.32 bar, and low pressure LS 2.37 bar. Whereas in a cascade refrigeration system with a load, the time needed to reduce the room temperature to -11 0C is 13 hours 16 minutes with an average high pressure HS 12.13 bar, low pressure HS 3.64 bar, high pressure LS 5.39 bar, and low pressure LS 2.41 bar. Meanwhile, in a conventional single stage refrigeration system without load, the time needed to reduce the temperature to -11 0C is 2 hours 45 minutes with an average low pressure 3.3 bar and high pressure 16.7 bar. Whereas in a conventional single stage refrigeration system with a load, the time needed to reduce the temperature to -11 0C is 10 hours 30 minutes with an average low pressure 3.4 bar and high pressure 17.4 bar. From experiments, the low stage pressure in the cascade refrigeration system has a lower value than the conventional single stage system, so that the work of the LS compressor becomes lighter and the loss of energy in the form of heat due to compression work can also be reduced. COP of a cascade refrigeration system is 3.125, and COP of a single stage conventional refrigeration system is 0.972.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Reefer Container, Cascade, MC22, R404A. Reefer Container, Cascade, MC22, R404A.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM485 Cold storage on ships. Marine refrigeration.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aulinnuha Fathony
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2023 01:41
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2023 01:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102130

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