Danilyan, Edo (2023) Studi Persebaran Bakteri Karbonatogenik dengan Pendekatan Metagenomik dan Potensinya Untuk Sifat Mekanik Pasta Geopolimer. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Beton adalah bahan konstruksi yang banyak digunakan, dengan perkembangan pesat menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan semen. Produksi semen dapat mengurangi sumber daya alam dan berkontribusi terhadap pemanasan global. Teknologi beton geopolimer menawarkan keunggulan seperti jejak karbon rendah, kekuatan tekan, kekuatan tarik, dan daya tahan tinggi. Bakteri karbonatogenik dapat mengendapkan kalsit, meningkatkan kekuatan tekan dan beban maksimum. Bakteri karbonatogenik berbasis endospora dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanik, membuat beton lebih kuat dan lebih tahan lama. Memahami distribusi bakteri karbonatogenik sebagai bahan penguat beton-geopolimer sangat penting. Analisis metagenomik dapat memberikan informasi komprehensif tentang aplikasi potensial, yang mengarah ke bahan konstruksi yang lebih berkelanjutan dan tahan lama. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi komposisi bakteri karbonatogenik melalui analisis metagenomik amplikon 16S dan mengeksplorasi potensi aplikasinya pada beton-geopolimer. Sampel dikumpulkan dari tambang batu kapur Bukit Jaddih Madura dan Pacalan Bondowoso, DNA diekstraksi dan disekuensing untuk mengetahui komposisi taksonomi dan keragaman bakteri. Produksi endospora dilakukan dengan perlakuan heatshock dalam media YU broth, dan endospora diaplikasikan pada campuran pasta geopolimer. Pasta diuji untuk kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan porositas menggunakan mesin uji kompresi mengikuti standar ASTM C39, ASTM 496, dan ASTM C642-13. Analisis NGS menunjukkan bahwa pada lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, dan Firmicutes. Meskipun SoilB (Pacalan Bondowoso) menunjukkan indeks keanekaragaman yang lebih tinggi, tetapi mempunyai struktur mikrobioma relatif sama. Bakteri karbonatogenik dalam kelompok ordo Bacillales umumnya terdiri dari genus Sporocarcina, Lysinibacillus, Bacillus, dan Bhargavaeae. Isolat yang mempunyai presipitat CaCO3 di atas rata-rata adalah JH4, BW4, JH7, JH2, BW2 dan JH5, dan 3 diantaranya menunjukkan kristal polimorf kalsit murni. Seleksi akhir isolat untuk daplikasikan pada pasta geopolimer menggunakan isolat JH2. Berdasarkan analisis sekuensing 16S rRNA, isolat JH2 teridentifikasi sebagai Lysinibacillus fusiformis. Penambahan endospora isolat JH2 menunjukkan peningkatan kuat tekan yang signifikan pada periode awal curing (7 dan 14 hari) hingga 166% pada kontrol pasta geopolimer (PGC). Namun, perlakuan endospora memiliki kontribusi sedikit terhadap peningkatan kekuatan tarik belah. Uji porositas menunjukkan bahwa porositas total pasta geopolimer dengan perlakuan endospora meningkat, namun pada porositas terbuka menurun pasa perlakuan endospora yang menyiratkan bahwa penambahan endospora mempengaruhi presipitasi di dalam pori-pori pasta geopolimer.
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Concrete is a widely used construction material, with rapid development causing increased demand for cement. The production of cement can reduce natural resources and contribute to global warming. Geopolymer concrete technology offers advantages such as low carbon footprint, compressive strength, tensile strength, and high durability. Carbonatogenic bacteria can precipitate calcite, increasing compressive strength and maximum load. Endospore-based carbonogenic bacteria can improve mechanical properties, making concrete stronger and more durable. Understanding the distribution of carbonatogenic bacteria as concrete-geopolymer reinforcing materials is crucial. Metagenomics analysis can provide comprehensive information about potential applications, leading to more sustainable and durable construction materials. This study aims to determine the distribution of carbonatogenic bacterial composition through metagenomic analysis of 16S amplicon and explore its potential application in concrete-geopolymers. Samples were collected from limestone mines of Bukit Jaddih Madura and Pacalan Bondowoso, and DNA was extracted and sequenced for taxonomic composition and community diversity. Endospore production was carried out by temperature shock treatment in YU broth medium, and endospores were applied to concrete-geopolymer mixtures. Cured concrete was tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, and porosity using compression testing machines following ASTM C39 standards, ASTM 496, and ASTM C642-13. The NGS analysis showed that the study sites were dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Although SoilB showed higher diversity index, the structure of microbiome is relatively the same. Carbonatogenic bacteria within the Bacillales group mainly comprised of Sporocarcina, Lysinibacillus, Bacillus, and Bhargavaeae. Isolate with CaCO3 precipitation yields above the average are JH4, BW4, JH7, JH2, BW2 dan JH5, and 3 of them showed the calcite polymorph. The final selection for geopolymer paste application were carried out using JH2 isolate. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, JH2 was identified as Lysinibacillsu fusiformis. The incorporation of JH2 isolate endospore showed significant increased in compressive strength in early period of curing (7 and 14 days) up to 166% in PGC. However, there was less contribution of endospore treatment in tensile strength. Porosity test showed that total porosity in endospore treatment increased, however in opened porosity reduced in endospore treatment implying that this incorporation affect the precipitation inside the pores of geopolymer paste.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Concrete, Compressive Strenght, Carbonatogenic Bacteria, Geopolymer, Tensile Strenght, Bakteri karbonatogenik, beton, geopolimer, kuat tarik belah, kuat tekan. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QR Microbiology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Edo Danilyan |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Nov 2023 07:24 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Nov 2023 07:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102512 |
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