Perancangan Inovasi Model Bisnis Jasa Operasi Dan Pemeliharaan Pembangkit Listrik Menggunakan Metode Design Thinking Dalam Meningkatkan Market Share

Putri, Nikita Ashardika (2023) Perancangan Inovasi Model Bisnis Jasa Operasi Dan Pemeliharaan Pembangkit Listrik Menggunakan Metode Design Thinking Dalam Meningkatkan Market Share. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Persaingan bisnis pembangkit tenaga listrik di Indonesia semakin kompetitif karena pertumbuhan masif IPP dengan tingkat kehandalan maupun efisiensi yang lebih baik. Terbukti, rata-rata pertumbuhan lima tahun atas beban pembelian tenaga listrik dari IPP yang ditanggung oleh PLN mengalami peningkatan sekitar 28%. Pertumbuhan IPP dalam jangka pendek dapat mendorong perekonomian Indonesia, namun pertumbuhan IPP berskema TOP pada PJBTL berpotensi memberatkan keuangan PLN maupun negara dalam jangka panjang. Agar menjamin keberlanjutan perusahaan, hal tersebut perlu menjadi perhatian PLN beserta anak perusahaannya, yaitu PLN Nusantara Power (PLN NP). PLN NP harus melakukan inovasi peningkatkan kehandalan pembangkit dan menjadikan biaya jasa Operation & Maintenance (O&M) semakin kompetitif, sehingga atas penurunan market share PLN NP dari 25% (2010) menjadi 20% (2022) dapat segera kembali ditingkatkan. PLN NP diharap dapat memberikan biaya jasa O&M yang lebih kompetitif, dimana biaya jasa O&M PLN NP saat ini sebesar Rp 411,95/kWh dibandingkan dengan biaya jasa O&M nasional sebesar 387,02/kWh, sehingga mampu meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun formulasi efisiensi biaya jasa O&M berdasarkan faktor yang mempengaruhi biaya penyediaan tenaga listrik, untuk memberikan biaya jasa O&M yang efisien dan kompetitif, sehingga mampu meningkatkan market share PLN NP. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengumpulan data primer (in-depth interview bersama expert) dan data sekunder (market share, produksi dan biaya penyediaan tenaga listrik, proses bisnis jasa O&M, daftar unit pembangkit tenaga listrik) yang dianalisis menggunakan metode design thinking, serta didukung dengan pendekatan cost leadership dan blue ocean strategy. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini telah dilakukan validasi oleh expert, yaitu berupa usulan formulasi yang dikaji secara komprehensif, dan mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan biaya jasa O&M dengan penerapan strategi cost leadership (STARSHIP) melalui perubahan skema pengembalian investasi, penggunaan tenaga kerja lokal, skema penunjukkan langsung, serta pengalihan kontrak pihak ke-3. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa inovasi model bisnis yang dirumuskan mampu mendukung efisiensi biaya jasa O&M sebesar 9.5% tanpa adanya penambahan modal, dengan potensi peningkatkan market share PLN NP sebesar 4.5%.
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Power generation business competition in Indonesia is increasingly competitive due to the growth of IPPs with better levels of reliability and efficiency. Evidently, the five-year average growth in the cost of buying electricity from IPPs borne by PLN has increased by around 28%. IPP growth in the short term can boost the Indonesian economy, but IPP growth with the TOP scheme in PJBTL has the potential to burden PLN and the state's finances in the long term. In order to guarantee the sustainability of the company, this needs to be a concern of PLN and its subsidiary, namely PLN Nusantara Power (PLN NP). PLN NP must innovate to increase generator reliability and make Operation & Maintenance (O&M) service costs more competitive, so that the reduction in PLN NP's market share from 25% (2010) to 20% (2022) can be immediately increased again. PLN NP is expected to be able to provide more competitive O&M service fees, where the current PLN NP O&M service fee is IDR 411.95/kWh compared to the national O&M service fee of 387.02/kWh), so as to increase customer satisfaction. This study aims to formulate cost efficiency O&M services based on factors that affect the cost of supplying electricity, to provide efficient and competitive O&M service costs, so as to increase PLN NP's market share. The research began with the collection of primary data (in-depth interviews with experts) and secondary data (market share, production and costs of electricity supply, O&M service business processes, list of power plant units) which were analysed using the design thinking method, and supported by the cost leadership and blue ocean strategy. The results of the analysis obtained from this study have been validated by experts, namely in the form of proposed formulations that are studied comprehensively, and are able to solve O&M service cost problems by implementing a cost leadership strategy (STARSHIP) through changes to return on investment schemes, use of local workforce, appointment schemes directly, as well as the transfer of 3rd party contracts. This research proves that the formulated business model innovation is able to support O&M service cost efficiency of 9.5% without additional capital, with the potential to increase PLN NP's market share by 4.5%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Design Thinking, Cost Leadership, Blue Ocean Strategy, Inovasi Model Bisnis.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.8 Productivity. Efficiency
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	NIKITA ASHARDIKA PUTRI
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2023 02:32
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2023 02:32
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102708

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