Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kapang Lignoselulolitik dari Berbagai Dekomposer Alami

Rustam, Camellia (2023) Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kapang Lignoselulolitik dari Berbagai Dekomposer Alami. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Limbah lignoselulosa merupakan limbah yang sulit terdegradasi yang dapat dipercepat degradasinya melalui penambahan dekomposer yang mengandung mikroba lignoselulolitik. Penggunaan kapang lokal dengan potensi lignoselulolitik yang unggul sebagai dekomposer sebagai solusi mengatasi limbah lignoselulosa secara efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis kapang dan potensi lignolitik, serta selulolitik kapang yang paling unggul dari berbagai dekomposer limbah lignoselulosa dari Surabaya, Indonesia. Isolat kapang dari berbagai dekomposer alami lokal diuji potensi lignolitik dan selulolitik dengan metode satu titik pada medium uji berbeda. Zona degradasi lignin dan selulosa diukur indeks potensi lignoselulolitik dan dideskripsikan kategori performa aktivitasnya. Isolat kapang dengan potensi lignoselulolitik paling tinggi diidentifikasi lebih lanjut secara molekuler dengan pendekatan daerah internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Analisis sekuens DNA melalui program Basic Local Alignment Search Tool-Nucleotide (BLAST) dan rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik dengan MEGA 11. Isolat kapang murni dari 5 dekomposer alami berjumlah 19 isolat. Hasil identifikasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis diperoleh jenis kapang dari kelima dekomposer alami meliputi Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. nidulans, Penicillium sp., Penicillium funiculosum, Beauveria bassiana, Coniella quercicola, Perenniporia tephropora, Perenniporia centrali, Paecilomyces variotii, dan Fomitopsis meliae. Hasil identifikasi dengan pendekatan daerah ITS diperoleh spesies identik dengan isolat kapang uji dengan potensi lignoselulolitik tinggi. Potensi lignolitik dimiliki oleh 4 isolat (enzim lakase) dengan indeks tertinggi sebesar 1,24 pada isolat D5I2 (Perenniporia tephropora). Potensi lignolitik dimiliki oleh 14 isolat (enzim mangan peroksidase) dengan indeks tertinggi sebesar 1,39 pada isolat D2I3 (Coniella quercicola). Potensi lignolitik dimiliki oleh 1 isolat (enzim lignin peroksidase) dengan indeks tertinggi sebesar 1,07 pada isolat D2I3 (Coniella quercicola). Potensi selulolitik dimiliki oleh 5 isolat dengan indeks tertinggi sebesar 1,21 pada isolat D3I3 (Fomitopsis cf. meliae).
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Lignocellulose waste is a waste that is difficult to degrade which can be accelerated degradation through the addition of decomposers containing lignocellulolytic microbes. The use of local molds with superior lignocellulolytic potential as decomposers as a solution to effectively overcome lignocellulose waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of mold and lignolytic potential, as well as the most superior mold cellulolytics from various lignocellulose waste decomposers from Surabaya, Indonesia. Mold isolates from various local natural decomposers were tested for lignolytic and cellulolytic potential by the single-point method on different test mediums. The degradation zones of lignin and cellulose were measured by lignocellulolytic potential index and activity performance categories were described. The mold isolates with the highest lignocellulolytic potential were further identified molecularly by the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region approach. DNA sequence analysis through the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool-Nucleotide (BLAST) program and phylogenetic tree reconstruction with MEGA 11. Pure mold isolates from 5 natural decomposers totaled 19 isolates. The results of macroscopic and microscopic identification obtained mold types from the five natural decomposers including Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. nidulans, Penicillium sp., Penicillium funiculosum, Beauveria bassiana, Coniella quercicola, Perenniporia tephropora, Perenniporia centrali, Paecilomyces variotii, and Fomitopsis meliae. The results of identification with the ITS regional approach obtained identical species with test mold isolates with high lignocellulolytic potential. The lignolytic potential is possessed by 4 isolates (lactase enzymes) with the highest index of 1.24 in D5I2 isolates (Perenniporia tephropora). The lignolytic potential is possessed by 14 isolates (manganese peroxidase enzyme) with the highest index of 1.39 in D2I3 isolate (Coniella quercicola). The lignolytic potential is possessed by 1 isolate (lignin peroxidase enzyme) with the highest index of 1.07 in D2I3 isolate (Coniella quercicola). The cellulolytic potential is possessed by 5 isolates with the highest index of 1.21 in D3I3 isolates (Fomitopsis cf. meliae).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Degradasi, Dekomposer, Enzim, Lignoselulosa, Lignoselulolitik, Decomposers, Degradation, Enzymes, Lignocellulose, Lignocellulolytic
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QP Physiology > QP517.B5 Biodegradation. Q Science > QP Physiology > QP624 Molecular biology.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Camellia Rustam
Date Deposited:	02 Oct 2023 04:36
Last Modified:	02 Oct 2023 04:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104049

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