Ratnasari, Ira Adhy (2023) Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus), Air dan Sedimen di Tambak Benowo Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Mikroplastik diketahui telah tersebar luas di lingkungan air tawar. Salah satu pencemaran mikroplastik di air tawar terjadi pada tambak Benowo Surabaya. Mikroplastik yang terdapat pada Tambak Benowo Surabaya dapat berasal dari sumber air yang menjadi pemasok utama perairan tambak yang telah terkontaminasi oleh mikroplastik. Potensi cemaran mikroplastik di air tawar menimbulkan kekhawatiran karena ukurannya <5 mm sehingga sangat mudah untuk masuk ke dalam tubuh biota. Salah satu contohnya seperti ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang dibudidayakan pada tambak tersebut. Banyaknya pencemaran yang terjadi di Surabaya menimbulkan kekhawatiran untuk mengkonsumsi ikan yang berasal dari air tawar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi karakteristik mikroplastik pada ikan nila (insang, saluran gastrointestinal dan daging) air dan sedimen di Tambak Benowo Surabaya. Pengambilan sampel ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) diperoleh dari Tambak Benowo Surabaya sebanyak 20 sampel ikan dan dengan ukuran ikan sekitar 20-25 cm. Karakter fisik mikroplastik diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo dengan bantuan optilab dan karakter kimia menggunakan ATR-FTIR. Rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada insang yaitu sebesar 2,97 partikel/gram, pada gastrointestinal sebesar 8,03 partikel/ gram, dan pada daging sebesar 1,16 partikel/gram. Uji Kruskal-Wallis dengan nilai sig. = 0,000 (p<0,05) hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ketiga organ memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Uji Pearson Correlation menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.764 (sig. > 0.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak berkorelasi antara panjang ikan dengan jumlah atau akumulasi mikroplastik pada ikan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air titik 1 sebanyak 4,08 partike/liter dan pada titik 2 sebanyak 1,72 partikel/liter. Sedangkan mikroplastik pada sedimen titik 1 sebanyak 3,3 partikel/gram dan pada titik 2 yaitu sebanyak 3 partikel/gram. Bentuk mikroplastik dominan pada ikan, air dan sedimen adalah fragmen, warna paling dominan adalah hitam dan ukuran dominan adalah 20-40 μm. Uji polimer memberikan hasil jenis mikroplastik pada bentuk adalah Polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (Nylon), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) dan Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
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Microplastics are known to be widespread in freshwater environments. One of the microplastic pollution in fresh water occurs in the Benowo pond in Surabaya. Microplastics found in Benowo Surabaya Pond can come from water sources that are the main suppliers of pond waters that have been contaminated by microplastics. The potential for microplastic contamination in fresh water raises concerns because of its size of <5 mm so it is very easy to enter the body of biota. One example is tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which is cultivated in the pond. The amount of pollution that occurs in Surabaya raises concerns to consume fish derived from fresh water. The purpose of this study was to identify microplastic characteristics in tilapia (gills, gastrointestinal tract and meat) water and sediments in Benowo Pond Surabaya. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) samples were obtained from Benowo Pond Surabaya as many as 20 fish samples and with fish sizes of about 20-25 cm. Physical characteristics of microplastics were observed using stereo microscopy with the help of optilab and chemical characters using ATR-FTIR. The average abundance of microplastics in gills was 2.97 particles/gram, gastrointestinal at 8.03 particles/gram, and at meat at 1.16 particles/gram. Kruskal-Wallis test with sig value. = 0.000 (p<0.05) These results show that the abundance of microplastics in the three organs has significant differences. The Pearson correlation test with sig value. = 0.764 (sig. > 0.05) showed that there was no correlation between fish length and the amount or accumulation of microplastics in fish. The abundance of microplastics in point 1 water is 4,08 particles/liter and at point 2 as much as 1,72 particles/liter. While microplastics in point 1 sediments as much as 3.3 particles/gram and at point 2 as many as 3 particles/gram. The dominant form of microplastics in fish, water and sediments is fragments, the most dominant color is black and the dominant size is 20-40 μm. Polymer tests give results of microplastic types in shapes are Polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (Nylon), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Air, Ikan Nila, Mikroplastik, Sedimen, Tambak Benowo; Water, Tilapia, Microplastics, Sediment, Benowo Pond |
Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QL Zoology |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Ira Adhy Ratnasari |
Date Deposited: | 11 Aug 2023 07:00 |
Last Modified: | 11 Aug 2023 07:00 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104461 |
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