Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Pada Proses Peleburan dan Pemurnian Bijih Timah Di PT Timah Tbk Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Aditya, Oktavio Rizky (2023) Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Pada Proses Peleburan dan Pemurnian Bijih Timah Di PT Timah Tbk Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Serangkaian proses produksi yang terlaksana di Unit Metalurgi Muntok tidak lepas dari penggunaan mesin dan alat berat. Penggunaan mesin dan alat berat tentu mempermudah pelaksaan proses produksi tetapi juga memberikan efek samping yang tidak bisa dianggap remeh, baik terhadap pelaksana proses produksi maupun terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Proses produksi yang baik tidak hanya memperhatikan efektivitas dan efisiensi saja, namun juga memperhatikan aspek lingkungan yang meliputi keamanan dan efek samping limbah yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakristik sumber pencemar dan menganalisis dampak lingkungan pada proses peleburan dan pemurnian bijih timah. selain itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan upaya dalam mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang terjadi. Dampak lingkungan dianalisis menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Analisis LCA dimulai dengan menentukan tujuan dan ruang lingkup kemudian Life Cycle Inventory. Yaitu mengolah data penggunaan bahan baku dan penggunaan penggunaan bahan bakar menjadi output emisi gas. Hasil emisi gas akan dikuantifikasi menjadi besaran dampak lingkungan melalui mekanisme ketiga LCA, yaitu Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) dengan pendekatan Impact 2002+. Tahap terakhir LCA adalah interpretasi meliputi analisis hotspot. interpretasi juga meliputi penentuan upaya alternatif guna mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Setelah diketahui upaya alternatif untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan akan dipilih alternatif terbaik dengan hasil pembobotan kepentingan terbesar menggunakan metode Analytitcal Hierarchy Process (AHP). Pada metode AHP dibutuhkan data primer yaitu kuisioner yang akan diisi oleh beberapa pihak di Unit Metalurgi Muntok. Proses peleburan dan pemurnian bijih timah Berdasarkan analisis dampak lingkungan menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) selama periode Januari hingga Desember tahun 2022 menghasilkan dampak lingkungan sebesar 29,1 kPt dengan penyumbang terbesar yaitu kategori global warwing sebesar 12 kPt, resource depletion sebesar 9,86 kPt, human health sebesar 5,84 kPt, dan ecosystem quality sebesar 0,399 kPt. Perbaikan terhadap upaya penghijauan lahan luar wilayah tambang menjadi prioritas skenario yang didasari oleh pertimbangan kelayakan finansial, kinerja terhadap lingkungan, dan potensi realisasi melalui pembobotan menggunakan metode Analytitcal Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan bobot 0,67.
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A series of production processes carried out in the Metallurgy Unit in Muntok involve the use of machines and heavy equipment. The use of machines and heavy equipment certainly makes the production process easier, but also has side effects that cannot be underestimated, both on the production process and on the surrounding environment. Good production processes not only consider effectiveness and efficiency, but also consider environmental aspects that include safety and the side effects of waste produced. This study aims to identify the characteristics of pollutants and analyze the environmental impact of the tin ore smelting and refining process. In addition, this study aims to determine efforts to reduce the environmental impact that occurs. The environmental impact is analyzed using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The LCA analysis begins with determining the objectives and scope, followed by the Life Cycle Inventory, which involves processing data on raw material use and fuel consumption to generate gas emission outputs. The resulting gas emissions are quantified into environmental impact indicators through the third LCA mechanism, the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), using the Impact 2002+ approach. The final stage of LCA is interpretation, which includes hotspot analysis and the identification of alternative efforts to reduce environmental impact. After identifying the alternative efforts to reduce environmental impact, the best alternative will be selected by weighting the importance of each alternative using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The AHP method requires primary data in the form of a questionnaire that will be filled out by several parties in the Metallurgy Unit in Muntok. The smelting and purification process of tin ore based on the environmental impact analysis using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method during the period from January to December 2022 resulted in an environmental impact of 29.1 kPt with the largest contributors being the global warming category at 12 kPt, resource depletion at 9.86 kPt, human health at 5.84 kPt, and ecosystem quality at 0.399 kPt. Improvements in reforestation efforts outside the mining area become a priority scenario based on considerations of financial feasibility, environmental performance, and potential realization through weighting using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with a weight of 0.67.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Analytical Hierarchy Process, Life Cycle Assessment, Metallurgical Unit, Tin, Unit Metalurgi, Timah
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883 Air quality management.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Oktavio Rizky Aditya
Date Deposited:	05 Jan 2024 08:05
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2024 08:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/105381

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