Optimasi Proses Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk Evaluasi Aktivitas Antibakteri

Firdianti, Birgitta Eviliana (2024) Optimasi Proses Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk Evaluasi Aktivitas Antibakteri. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sintesis nanopartikel perak (AgNP) dikontrol oleh beberapa parameter seperti konsentrasi garam perak, reduktor, waktu reaksi, dll yang mempengaruhi pembentukan nano logam. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengoptimalkan proses sintesis untuk mendapatkan jumlah dan sifat AgNP yang diinginkan. Beberapa penelitian terkait optimasi sintesis nanopartikel menerapkan satu faktor yang dianalisis sementara faktor lain dibuat tetap sehingga tidak dapat menganalisis interaksi antar faktornya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum proses sintesis AgNP dengan metode reduksi kimia menggunakan desain eksperimen Response Surface Method (RSM) - Face Centered - Central Composite Design (F-CCD) untuk dievaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Escherichia coli (Gram negatif) dan Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positif). Optimasi proses sintesis AgNP meliputi tiga parameter, yaitu konsentrasi AgNO3 (0,0005, 0,001, 0,002 M), konsentrasi NaBH4 (0,001, 0,01, 0,1 M), serta waktu sonikasi (0, 10, 20 menit) menghasilkan total 15 kombinasi percobaan yang berbeda. Hasil RSM divisualisasikan melalui plot 3D yang menggambarkan respons sebagai fungsi faktor input yang didapat dari data absorbansi optimal 15 percobaan. Analisis RSM mengungkapkan bahwa ketiga faktor yang diteliti signifikan terhadap variabel respons, dengan nilai R2 = 0,906, p < 0,05, dan data yang terdistribusi normal. Kondisi optimum sintesis AgNP dicapai pada konsentrasi NaBH4 0,061 M, konsentrasi AgNO3 0,002 M, dan waktu sonikasi selama 12 menit. Warna kuning yang dihasilkan oleh larutan AgNP pada kondisi ini memiliki pita surface plasmon resonance (SPR) pada panjang gelombang 412 nm menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. AgNP yang teroptimasi berbentuk spherical monodisperse dengan rata-rata ukuran partikel sebesar 5,0 ± 1,6 nm berdasarkan analisis Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Kemudian diperkuat dengan analisis Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) yang menunjukkan puncak tunggal dengan lebih dari 26% partikel berukuran ~9,892 nm. Zona inhibisi dari AgNP yang teroptimasi ditemukan lebih sensitif terhadap S.aureus (Gram positif) dibandingkan dengan E.coli (Gram negatif) dengan rata-rata diameter zona inhibisi masing-masing sebesar 3,8 mm dan 1,9 mm.
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The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is controlled by several parameters such as silver salt concentration, reducing agent, reaction time, etc., that affect the formation of metallic nanostructures. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the synthesis process to obtain the desired quantity and properties of AgNPs. Some studies related to the optimization of nanoparticle synthesis apply one-factor-at-a-time analysis, while keeping other factors constant, which prevents the analysis of interactions between factors. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis of AgNPs using chemical reduction methods, employing the Response Surface Method (RSM) - Face Centered - Central Composite Design (F-CCD) experimental design for evaluating their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). The optimization of the AgNPs synthesis process involves three parameters: AgNO3 concentration (0.0005, 0.001, 0.002 M), NaBH4 concentration (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 M), and sonication time (0, 10, 20 minutes), resulting in a total of 15 different experimental combinations. The RSM results were visualized through a 3D plot that depicted the response as a function of the input factors obtained from the optimal absorbance data of the 15 experiments. The RSM analysis revealed that all three factors studied were significant to the response variable, with an R2 value of 0.906, p < 0.05, and the data is normally distributed. The optimum conditions were achieved at NaBH4 concentration of 0.061 M, AgNO3 concentration of 0.002 M, and sonication time of 12 minutes. The yellow color exhibited by the AgNPs solution under these conditions showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at a wavelength of 412 nm using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The optimized AgNPs were spherical and monodisperse with an average particle size of 5.0 ± 1.6 nm as determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. Supported by Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) analysis, which showed a single peak with over 26% of particles having a size of approximately ~9.892 nm. The optimized AgNPs exhibited a higher sensitivity towards S. aureus (Gram-positive) compared to E. coli (Gram-negative), with average zone of inhibition diameters of 3.8 mm and 1.9 mm, respectively.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Nanopartikel Perak, Reduksi Kimia, Aktivitas Antibakteri, Silver Nanoparticles, Chemichal Reduction, Central Composite Design, Response Surface Methodology, Antibacterial activity.
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA279 Response surfaces (Statistics). Analysis of covariance. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD1 Oxidation-reduction reaction. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD117.S64 Spectrophotometry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD75.2 Chemistry, Analytic Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Birgitta Eviliana Firdianti
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2024 15:10
Last Modified:	30 Jan 2024 01:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/105719

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