Fathurahman, Rossi (2024) Analisis Kekuatan Mekanis Pipa Air dari Bahan Komposit Epoksi Berpenguat Serbuk Tempurung Kelapa. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Text
02111940000038-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 July 2026. Download (4MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Pipa air yang biasa digunakan oleh masyarakat umumnya terbuat dari plastik atau logam seperti besi, tembaga, atau aluminum. Namun, dengan perkembangan industri, bahan baku pipa air menghadapi berbagai kendala seperti isu lingkungan dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan inovasi untuk menemukan bahan alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi sifat mekanis komposit epoksi yang diperkuat dengan serbuk tempurung kelapa (STK) sebagai alternatif bahan untuk pipa air. Penguatan serbuk tempurung kelapa dengan variasi ukuran serbuk (40 µm dan 80 µm) dan fraksi berat (10%, 12,5%, dan 15%) diintegrasikan ke dalam matriks epoksi. Uji mekanis dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan impak dari komposit serta dilakukan uji SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Setelah itu komposit dituangkan ke dalam cetakan lalu dibiarkan mengeras pada suhu kamar selama minimal 24 jam. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa penambahan serbuk tempurung kelapa memberikan peningkatan signifikan pada sifat mekanis komposit. Pada variasi ukuran 80 µm dan fraksi berat 12,5%, komposit mencapai kekuatan tarik tertinggi sebesar 42,96 MPa. Sedangkan pada variasi ukuran 40 µm dan fraksi berat 15% komposit mencapai kekuatan tarik terendah sebesar 31,96 MPa. Dari hasil pengujian impak didapatkan kekuatan impak terbesar pada variasi ukuran 80 µm dan fraksi berat 12,5% yaitu sebesar 13,53 kJ/m². Sedangkan pada variasi ukuran 40 µm dan fraksi berat 15% komposit mencapai kekuatan impak terendah sebesar 10,49 kJ/m². Sedangkan kekuatan tarik dan impak pipa PVC berada di kisaran 32 – 62 MPa dan 2 – 6 kJ/m². Dengan demikian komposit epoksi berpenguat STK bisa dijadikan material pengganti pipa PVC. Analisis mikrostruktur menggunakan mikroskop elektron menunjukkan distribusi STK pada variasi ukuran 40 µm kurang merata sehingga terbentuk aglomerasi. Sedangkan pada variasi ukuran partikel STK 80 µm memberikan distribusi yang lebih baik dalam matriks epoksi, sehingga dapat meratakan dan meningkatkan kekuatan impak. Semakin kecil ukuran partikel maka distribusi serbuk tempurung kelapa (STK) cenderung kurang merata, menyebabkan terbentuknya aglomerasi. Fraksi berat 12,5% yang digunakan menjadi pilihan yang optimal untuk memberikan penguatan maksimal pada matriks epoksi.
====================================================================================================================================
The water pipes commonly used by the general public are typically made of materials such as plastic or metals like iron, copper, or aluminum. However, with the development of the industry, raw materials for water pipes face various challenges such as environmental issues and resource limitations. Therefore, innovations are needed to find alternative materials that are more environmentally friendly. This research aims to investigate the mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with coconut shell powder (CSP) as an alternative material for water pipes. The reinforcement of coconut shell powder with variations in particle size (40 µm and 80 µm) and weight fraction (10%, 12.5%, and 15%) is integrated into the epoxy matrix. Mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tests were performed. Afterward, the composite was poured into a mold and left to cure at room temperature for a minimum of 24 hours. The test results show that the addition of coconut shell powder significantly improves the mechanical properties of the composite. In the case of 80 µm particle size and 12.5% weight fraction, the composite achieves the highest tensile strength of 42.96 MPa. Meanwhile, at 40 µm particle size and 15% weight fraction, the composite reaches the lowest tensile strength of 31.96 MPa. The impact test results reveal the highest impact strength for the 80 µm particle size and 12.5% weight fraction variation, at 13.53 kJ/mm². On the other hand, the 40 µm particle size and 15% weight fraction variation exhibit the lowest impact strength of 10.49 kJ/m². Comparatively, the tensile and impact strength of PVC pipes range from 32 to 62 MPa and 2 to 6 kJ/m², respectively. Thus, epoxy composites reinforced with CSP could be considered as a replacement material for PVC pipes. Microstructure analysis using electron microscopy shows that the distribution of CSP in the 40 µm particle size variation is less uniform, leading to agglomeration. In contrast, the 80 µm particle size variation provides a more even distribution in the epoxy matrix, resulting in improved impact strength. Smaller particle sizes tend to have less uniform distribution, causing agglomeration. The 12.5% weight fraction is found to be the optimal choice for providing maximum reinforcement in the epoxy matrix.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
---|---|
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pipa air, serbuk tempurung kelapa, fraksi berat, ukuran partikel, uji tarik, uji impak, SEM; Water pipe, coconut shell powder, weight fraction, particle size, tensile test, impact test, SEM |
Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.9 Composite materials. Laminated materials. |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Rossi Fathurahman |
Date Deposited: | 15 Feb 2024 04:04 |
Last Modified: | 15 Feb 2024 04:04 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/107047 |
Actions (login required)
View Item |