Model Desain Bangunan Berbasis Kinerja dalam Pengembangan dan Pengelolaan Pusat Perbelanjaan di Indonesia

Astarini, Sulfiah Dwi (2024) Model Desain Bangunan Berbasis Kinerja dalam Pengembangan dan Pengelolaan Pusat Perbelanjaan di Indonesia. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Merancang bangunan properti melibatkan multistakeholder yang seringkali tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang desain bangunan. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan seperti kesalahan desain dan ketidakmampuan dalam menentukan persyaratan kinerja. Salah satu solusi yang dapat diterapkan adalah Performance-Based Building Design (PBBD) dimana konsep ini mengacu pada kinerja proses dan kinerja produk untuk memastikan tujuan kinerja dapat tercapai. Praktik PBBD untuk mencapai nilai ruang yang optimal pada pusat perbelanjaan di Indonesia belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Terbukti dari kekosongan ruang ritel banyak terjadi pada pusat perbelanjaan di Indonesia. Permasalahan muncul karena tidak terintegrasinya partisipan pada fase desain hingga operasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisi kesenjangan antara kinerja proses dan kinerja produk melalui peran komunikasi terhadap berbagi pengetahuan dan kolaborasi yang dapat mendukung proses desain, dan evaluasi kinerja produk sehubungan dengan pembentukan nilai ruang. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi kuantitatif meliputi meta-analisis untuk merumuskan model konseptual dan survei kuesioner untuk mengkonfirmasi model secara empiris, serta studi kualitatif melalui observasi studi untuk memvalidasi pengukuran nilai ruang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, menghasilkan 212 responden berpengalaman dalam desain dan konstruksi di Indonesia. Analisa data Structural Equation Modeling menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh komunikasi yang dimediasi oleh berbagi pengetahuan terhadap keberhasilan kinerja proses lebih besar (0,35) dibandingkan pengaruhnya yang dimediasi oleh kolaborasi (0,07). Validasi model menemukan pembentukan nilai ruang dapat dicapai melalui penempatan penyewa, aksesibilitas ruang dan visibilitas pengunjung. Pusat perbelanjaan yang memiliki skor tertinggi berdasarkan nilai ruangnya yaitu Pondok Indah Mall (PIM) dengan skor 690; Mall Kelapa Gading (MKG) yaitu 680; dan Pakuwon Mall (PM) dengan skor 660. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja proses berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja produk, dimana aspek pendukungnya yaitu komunikasi untuk berbagi pengetahuan lebih meningkatkan kinerja proses desain dibandingkan dengan yang berbasis pada dokumen atau sistem dalam berkolaborasi. Ketiga aspek menjadi dasar dalam mendukung integrasi stakeholder pada praktik PBBD sehubungan dengan pencapaian nilai ruang pada pusat perbelanjaan di Indonesia.
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Designing property buildings involves multi-stakeholders who often do not have sufficient knowledge about building design. This gives rise to problems such as design errors and the inability to determine performance requirements. One solution that can be implemented is Performance-Based Building Design (PBBD) where this concept refers to process performance and product performance to ensure performance goals can be achieved. PBBD practices to achieve optimal space value in shopping malls in Indonesia have not been implemented optimally. This is evident from the fact that many retail space vacancies occur in shopping malls in Indonesia. Problems arise because participants are not integrated from the design to the operational phases. This research aims to fill the gap between process performance and product performance through the role of communication on share knowledge and collaboration that can support the design process and evaluate product performance concerning the formation of space value. The research methodology used is a quantitative study including meta-analysis to formulate a conceptual model, and the questionnaire survey to confirm the model empirically, as well as a qualitative study through observational studies to validate the measurement of space value. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, resulting in 212 respondents who have experience in the design and construction process in Indonesia. Structural Equation Modeling analysis shows that the effect of communication mediated by knowledge sharing on the success of process performance is bigger (0,35) than that mediated by collaboration (0,07). Furthermore, validation of the model through observation found that the formation of space value can be achieved through tenant placement, space accessibility and visibility of visitors. The three shopping malls that have the highest scores based on measuring the value of their space are Pondok Indah Mall (PIM) with a score of 690; Mall Kelapa Gading (MKG) that is 680; and Pakuwon Mall (PM) with a score of 660. The research results show that process performance has a positive effect on product performance, where the supporting aspect, namely communication to share knowledge, further improves the design process performance compared to those based on documents or systems in collaboration. These three aspects are the basis for supporting stakeholder integration in PBBD practices to achieve space value in shopping malls in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	aksesibilitas, nilai ruang, PBBD, pusat perbelanjaan, visibilitas; accessibility, space value, PBBD, shopping center, visibility
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TH Building construction T Technology > TH Building construction > TH880 Sustainable buildings. Sustainable construction. Green building
Divisions:	Faculty of Architecture, Design, and Planning > Architecture > 23101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Sulfiah Dwi Astarini
Date Deposited:	22 Feb 2024 06:07
Last Modified:	22 Feb 2024 06:07
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/107383

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