Pengaruh Lapisan Termokromik terhadap Kenyamanan Termal pada Bangunan dengan Dinding Kaca

Musyafa, Muhamad Ghufron (2024) Pengaruh Lapisan Termokromik terhadap Kenyamanan Termal pada Bangunan dengan Dinding Kaca. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Efisiensi energi bangunan di Indonesia yang semakin penting seiring peningkatan kebutuhan listrik akibat pertumbuhan populasi dan ekonomi. Sektor bangunan, yang menyumbang sekitar 40% konsumsi energi dunia dan sepertiga emisi gas rumah kaca global, memerlukan peningkatan efisiensi termal untuk mengurangi konsumsi energi sistem HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning). Building energy retrofitting menggunakan material termokromik menjadi solusi efektif. Studi ini menggunakan simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) untuk mengevaluasi efek termokromik Vanadium Dioksida (VO2) yang didoping dengan Tungsten, Molybdenum, dan Tantalum pada bangunan komersial di iklim tropis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Tantalum-Doped Vanadium Dioxide (Ta-VO2) dengan ketebalan 3 µm menurunkan suhu ruangan hingga 4,242 °C. Selain itu, pemakaian material termokromik pada jendela kaca dengan kondisi suhu luar ruangan 30°C dan 28°C telah memenuhi standar kenyamanan termal. Variasi Ta-VO2 dengan ketebalan 1,3 µm dipilih sebagai opsi terbaik dalam strategi retrofitting, dengan penghematan biaya listrik mencapai Rp. 18.054.000 per tahun pada Skenario 1 (suhu luar ruangan 28°C), memiliki rasio cost-benefit 5,044, NPV positif, IRR sebesar 9,33%, dan Payback Period dalam 2 tahun. Di sisi lain, pada Skenario 2 (suhu luar ruangan 30°C), penghematan mencapai Rp. 8.425.200 per tahun dengan rasio cost-benefit 2,354, NPV positif, IRR sebesar 5,77%, dan Payback Period dalam 5 tahun. Meskipun Skenario 2 memberikan manfaat ekonomi yang signifikan, Skenario 1 tetap lebih efektif dengan NPV dan IRR lebih tinggi serta Payback Period lebih singkat. Retrofitting ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi konsumsi energi listrik dan memberikan manfaat ekonomi serta lingkungan jangka panjang.
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Building energy efficiency in Indonesia is becoming increasingly important due to the rising electricity demand driven by population and economic growth. The building sector, accounting for about 40% of the world's energy consumption and a third of global greenhouse gas emissions, requires thermal efficiency improvements to reduce energy consumption of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems. Building energy retrofitting using thermochromic materials presents an effective solution. This study employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to evaluate the thermochromic effects of Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) doped with Tungsten, Molybdenum, and Tantalum on commercial buildings in tropical climates. The results indicate that Tantalum-Doped Vanadium Dioxide (Ta-VO2) with a thickness of 3 µm reduces room temperature by up to 4.242°C. Additionally, the use of thermochromic materials on glass windows, with external temperatures of 30°C and 28°C, meets thermal comfort standards. The variation of Ta-VO2 with a thickness of 1.3 µm is selected as the best option for retrofitting strategies, achieving electricity cost savings of Rp. 18,054,000 per year in Scenario 1 (external temperature of 28°C), with a cost-benefit ratio of 5,044e, a positive NPV, an IRR of 9.33%, and a payback period of 2 years. On the other hand, in Scenario 2 (external temperature of 30°C), savings reach Rp. 8,425,200 per year with a cost-benefit ratio of 2,354, a positive NPV, an IRR of 5.77%, and a payback period of 5 years. Although Scenario 2 provides significant economic benefits, Scenario 1 remains more effective with higher NPV and IRR and a shorter payback period. This retrofitting is expected to reduce electricity consumption and provide long-term economic and environmental benefits.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Listrik, HVAC, Termokromik, Retrofitting, Cost-Benefit Electricity, HVAC, Thermochromic, Retrofitting, Cost-Benefit
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TH Building construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhamad Ghufron Musyafa
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2024 06:08
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2024 06:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109329

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