Kajian Risiko Kegagalan Pengolahan Limbah Cair Di Ipal Rumah Sakit Kelas C Surabaya Dengan Metode Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (FMEA)

Simorangkir, Pricillia Nadya Dame Simorangkir (2024) Kajian Risiko Kegagalan Pengolahan Limbah Cair Di Ipal Rumah Sakit Kelas C Surabaya Dengan Metode Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (FMEA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Rumah sakit merupakan fasilitas kesehatan yang melayani masyarakat umum dalam menyediakan pelayanan kesehatan seperti rawat jalan, rawat inap, dan gawat darurat. Kandungan pada air limbah rumah sakit memiliki potensi yang tinggi sebagai sumber pencemar air apabila tidak dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu sebelum air limbah dibuang ke badan air. Rumah sakit kelas C merupakan rumah sakit tipe C yang terletak di Kecamatan Sukolilo, Kota Surabaya. Berdasarkan hasil uji kualitas efluen air limbah pada bulan Januari, kandungan total Coliform tidak memenuhi baku mutu limbah cair menurut Peraturan Gubernur Jawa Timur Nomor 72 Tahun 2013. Pengolahan limbah cair memiliki risiko kegagalan sistem sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya identifikasi risiko kegagalan pada IPAL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi penyebab kegagalan, menganalisis tingkat risiko yang timbul akibat kegagalan sistem IPAL dengan metode fishbone dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk minimalisasi risiko kegagalan pada sistem IPAL.
Identifikasi potensi penyebab kegagalan dilakukan dengan menggunakan diagram fishbone untuk memetakan potensi penyebab kegagalan berdasarkan akar penyebabnya sehingga dengan metode ini akar permasalahan dapat diketahui. Kemudian, metode FMEA digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi risiko kegagalan sistem IPAL, dampak yang terjadi akibat kegagalan tersebut, dan memetakan tingkat risiko potensi kegagalan sistem IPAL. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner kepada petugas atau pengelola IPAL. Data sekunder yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data debit air limbah, kapasitas pengolahan IPAL, diagram alir IPAL, data hasil uji laboratorium kualitas air limbah, dan dokumen Standard Operating Procedure (SOP).
Hasil analisis dengan diagram fishbone didapatkan empat aspek yang terdiri dari sumber daya manusia, metode, pengukuran, serta mesin dan peralatan. Berikutnya, dilakukan analisis dengan metode FMEA yang menghasilkan tiga peringkat nilai RPN tertinggi yang menjadi prioritas untuk dilakukan tindakan mitigasi. Peringkat pertama adalah kadar total Coliform dengan nilai RPN sebesar 75. Nilai RPN tertinggi kedua adalah waktu detensi bak ekualisasi, bak anaerob, bak aerasi, dan bak sedimentasi dengan nilai 50. Nilai RPN tertinggi ketiga adalah hasil uji analisis laboratorium dengan nilai 45. Dari prioritas kegagalan tersebut, dilakukan upaya minimalisasi risiko kegagalan yaitu melakukan penentuan dosis klor dan pengukuran sisa klor secara rutin, pemberian sekat pada bak ekualisasi, anaerob, aerasi, dan sedimentasi. Kemudian, melakukan pemantauan kualitas air limbah secara berkala.
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Hospitals are health facilities that serve the general public in providing health services such as outpatient, inpatient, and emergency care. The content in hospital wastewater has a high potential as a source of water pollution if no prior treatment is carried out before the wastewater is discharged into water bodies. Class C hospital is a type C hospital located in Sukolilo District, Surabaya City. Based on the results of the wastewater effluent quality test in January, the total Coliform content did not meet the effluent quality standards according to East Java Governor Regulation No. 72 of 2013. Wastewater treatment has a risk of system failure, so it is necessary to identify the risk of failure in the WWTP. This study aims to identify the potential causes of failure, analyze the level of risk arising from the failure of the WWTP system using the fishbone method and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and provide recommendations for minimizing the risk of failure in the WWTP system.
Identification of potential causes of failure is carried out using a fishbone diagram to map the potential causes of failure based on the root cause so that with this method the root of the problem can be known. Then, the FMEA method is used to identify the potential risk of failure of the WWTP system, the impact that occurs due to these failures, and map the risk level of potential WWTP system failures. Data collection methods are carried out through observation, interviews, and questionnaires to WWTP officers or managers. Secondary data required in this study include wastewater discharge data, WWTP processing capacity, WWTP flow diagram, wastewater quality laboratory test data, and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) documents.
The results of the analysis with the fishbone diagram obtained four aspects consisting of human resources, methods, measurements, and machinery and equipment. Next, an analysis with the FMEA method was carried out which resulted in the three highest RPN value rankings that are prioritized for mitigation actions. The first ranking is total Coliform levels with an RPN value of 75. The second highest RPN value is the detention time of the equalization basin, anaerobic basin, aeration basin, and sedimentation basin with a value of 50. The third highest RPN value is the laboratory analysis test results with a value of 45. From these failure priorities, efforts to minimize the risk of failure are carried out, namely determining the dose of chlorine and measuring residual chlorine regularly, providing insulation in equalization, anaerobic, aeration, and sedimentation basins. Then, conduct regular monitoring of wastewater quality.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	fishbone, FMEA, IPAL, risiko
Subjects:	Q Science
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses
Depositing User:	Pricillia Nadya Dame Simorangkir
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2024 06:25
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2024 06:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109573

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