Desain Pabrik Minyak Atsiri Citronella dari Serai Wangi menggunakan Steam Distillation

Lestari, Eva Indri and Ayunda, Tiara Fajar (2024) Desain Pabrik Minyak Atsiri Citronella dari Serai Wangi menggunakan Steam Distillation. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara salah satu pemasok besar bahan baku minyak di dunia dengan salah satu berpotensi di indonesia adalah minyak serai wangi. Serai wangi mempunyai dua jenis tanaman yaitu lenabatu (Cymbopogon nardus L.) dan mahapengiri (Cymbopogon winterianus J.). Minyak serai wangi didapatkan dengan steam distilasi dengan kandungan minyak atsirinya 1,5%. Pabrik minyak citronella yang akan dibangun di Kabupaten Pemalang, Jawa Tengah direncanakan memiliki kapasitas pabrik sebesar 60 ton/tahun membutuhkan bahan baku sebanyak 1.000 ton/tahun dengan basis operasi selama 24 jam/hari dalam 180 hari/tahun. Kapasitas produksi setiap harinya yaitu 330 kg/hari, tangki distillasi berjumlah 8 untuk dilakukan setiap hari nya 3 kali batch pertangki dengan setiap batchnya selama 8 jam, dengan rincian 1 jam pre-treatment, 6 jam ekstraksi, 1 jam pasca- treatment. Kebutuhan bahan baku serai wangi sebesar 5,6 ton/harinya. Kabupaten Pemalang menjadi pertimbangan utama akan menjadi tempat didirikannya pabrik berdasarkan data yang ada, sumber bahan baku, kebutuhan tenaga kerja, dan keadaan geografis lebih berpotensi daripada Kabupaten Gayo Lues, NAD dan Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Pabrik ini didirikan dengan total investasi sebesar Rp50.218.029.488 dengan rincian 40% modal sendiri dan 60% modal pinjaman bank. Analisa ekonomi didapatkan bahwa biaya penaksiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp47.329.735.279 dan biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar Rp9.815.801.656 Total pemasukan dengan harga penjualan produk didapatkan sebesar Rp18.239.533.200 per tahunnya. Dengan estimasi pabrik berumur 20 tahun dan pengembalian modal selama 10 tahun dihasilkan nilai NPV positif sebesar Rp10.294.943.390; IRR senilai 9,14%; dan POT selama 9 tahun 9 bulan. Sesuai dengan hasil analisa tersebut maka pabrik dinyatakan layak didirikan dan dapat dilanjutkan perencanaan. Limbah kompos yang dihasilkan dari pabrik berupa limbah padatan yang menghasilkan produk samping berupa pupuk kompos dan limbah cair yang perlu analisa standar bahan baku mutu air limbah dan peraturan perizinan dari pemerintah setempat.
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Indonesia is one of the major suppliers of raw materials for oil in the world, with one of its potential products being citronella oil. Citronella has two plant types, namely lenabatu (Cymbopogon nardus L.) and mahapengiri (Cymbopogon winterianus J.). Citronella oil is obtained through steam distillation, with an essential oil content of 1.5%. The citronella oil factory to be built in Pemalang Regency, Central Java, is planned to have a plant capacity of 60 tons per year, requiring 1,000 tons of raw materials per year, operating 24 hours a day for 180 days a year. The daily production capacity is 330 kg/day, with 8 distillation tanks, each performing 3 batches per day, with each batch lasting 8 hours—1 hour for pre-treatment, 6 hours for extraction, and 1 hour for post-treatment. The raw material requirement for citronella is 5.6 tons per day. Pemalang Regency is the main consideration for the factory location based on existing data, raw material sources, labor needs, and geographic conditions, making it more potential than Gayo Lues Regency, NAD, and West Bandung Regency. This factory is established with a total investment of Rp50,218,029,488, with 40% from own capital and 60% from bank loans. Economic analysis shows that the capital expenditure (CAPEX) is Rp47,329,735,279 and the operational expenditure (OPEX) is Rp9.815.801.656. Total revenue from product sales is estimated at Rp18,239,533,200 per year. With an estimated factory lifespan of 20 years and a payback period of 10 years, a positive NPV of Rp10.294.943.390 is achieved; an IRR of 9.14%; and a payback period (POT) of 9 years and 9 months. Based on these analysis results, the factory is deemed feasible to establish and further planning can proceed. The compost waste produced by the factory includes solid waste that results in by-products such as compost fertilizer and liquid waste that requires standard raw material analysis for water waste quality and permits from the local government.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Minyak Serai Wangi, Kabupaten Pemalang, Steam Distillation, Citronella Oil, Pemalang Regency
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Eva Indri Lestari
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2024 05:14
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2024 05:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109686

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