Azmia, El Alivi Nur (2024) Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketahanan Jalan Tol di Indonesia terhadap Bencana Tanah Longsor. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Lokasi Indonesia secara geografis, yang merupakan pertemuan antar lempeng yang membuat Indonesia memiliki sabuk vulkanik. Kondisi ini membuat Indonesia rentan terhadap bencana alam seperti letusan gunung berapi, banjir, gempa bumi, dan tanah longsor. Bencana alam umumnya menimbulkan kerusakan yang cukup besar terhadap kondisi fisik bangunan dan infrastruktur. Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim menyebabkan semakin besarnya intensitas dan jenis bencana alam, seperti banjir, gempa bumi, kekeringan, angin puting beliung. Dalam upaya mengurangi dampak kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh tanah longsor terhadap infrastruktur jalan tol, dibutuhkan penerapan konsep resilience sebagai bentuk kesiapsiagaan penanggulangan bencana. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, para peneliti, serta organisasi nasional dan internasional, telah menekankan resilience (ketahanan) daripada pemulihan Resiliensi memastikan bahwa sistem dapat bertahan menahan bencana baik yang diperkirakan maupun tidak dengan menerima kerusakan seminimal mungkin. Belum banyak penelitian mengenai resiliensi di Indonesia khususnya pada Infrastruktur yang terkhusus untuk jalan tol. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan akan diteliti melalui penyebaran kuesioner kemudian akan dialakukan analisis faktor. Dengan melibatkan responden yang ahli pada bidangnya, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sudut pandang yang lebih komprehensif dan representatif. Dari variabel yang dianalisis menggunakan EFA didapatkan 4 faktor utama ketahanan yaitu faktor human resources, faktor management and data resources, faktor response resources dan faktor desain jalan tol. Faktor human resources terdiri dari 3 variabel, faktor management and data resources terdiri dari 6 variabel, faktor response resources terdiri dari 4 variabel dan faktor desain jalan tol terdiri dari 2 variabel. Dimana faktor yang paling mempengaruhi adalah faktor human resources.
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Geographically, Indonesia is located at the convergence of tectonic plates, which creates a volcanic belt across the region. This condition makes Indonesia highly susceptible to natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, floods, earthquakes, and landslides. Natural disasters generally cause significant damage to the physical condition of buildings and infrastructure. Global warming and climate change are increasing the intensity and variety of natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, droughts, and tornadoes. To reduce the impact of landslide damage on toll road infrastructure, the application of the resilience concept is required as a form of disaster preparedness. In recent years, researchers and both national and international organizations have emphasized resilience over recovery. Resilience ensures that systems can withstand both anticipated and unanticipated disasters while sustaining minimal damage. There has been limited research on resilience in Indonesia, particularly in infrastructure focused on toll roads. Therefore, in this study, the factors influencing resilience will be investigated through the distribution of questionnaires, followed by factor analysis. By involving respondents who are experts in their fields, this research is expected to provide a more comprehensive and representative perspective. The aim is to identify the indicators that influence the resilience of toll roads to landslides. The factors will be analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the factors influencing the resilience of toll roads. The variables analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and four main resilience factors were identified: human resources, management and data resources, response resources, and toll road design. The human resources factor consists of 3 variables, the management and data resources factor consists of 6 variables, the response resources factor consists of 4 variables, and the toll road design factor consists of 2 variables. The most influential factor is human resources
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