Prabowo, Moh. Zaldi (2024) Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur Tempering Terhadap Ketahanan Aus Baja AISI 420 Untuk Aplikasi Disc Brake Motor Listrik 3 kW. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pada aplikasi disc brake dibutuhkan material yang memiliki ketahan aus tinggi. Sifat ketahanan aus dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antar permukaan yang bergesekan. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan baja AISI 420 yang akan diberikan perlakuan panas meliputi quenching dan tempering dengan variasi pada temperatur tempering untuk mendapat kekerasan yang diinginkan. Pada proses quenching, AISI 420 dipanaskan pada 1150°C selama 60 menit dan didinginkan di media air. Temperatur tempering yang digunakan adalah 565 °C, 585 °C, dan 595 °C yang ditahan selama 60 menit. Setelah proses perlakuan panas, baja AISI 420 akan dilakukan pengujian kekerasan, pengujian metalografi, pengujian pin-on-disc tribometry, dan pengujian X-Ray Diffraction untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh variasi temperatur tempering terhadap kekerasan, struktur mikro, dan ketahanan aus baja AISI 420. Diperoleh hasil semakin tinggi temperatur tempering kekerasan akan semakin rendah. Kekerasan tertinggi hasil tempering didapat pada temperatur 565 °C dengan kekerasan 37,2 ± 0,20 HRC. Struktur mikro pada baja AISI 420 dipengaruhi oleh proses perlakuan panas yang dikenakan. Pada spesimen hasil proses quenching, struktur mikro yang terbentuk berupa martensite, sedangkan spesimen hasil proses tempering terbentuk struktur tempered martensite. Diperoleh juga hasil ketahanan aus yang sebanding dengan sifat kekerasan, dimana ketahanan aus tertinggi diperoleh pada temperatur tempering 565 °C dengan kekerasan 37,2 ± 0,20 HRC. Diperhatikan juga brake emission untuk aplikasi disc brake, dimana spesimen dengan temperatur tempering 565 °C dan 585 °C masih di bawah batas regulasi sesuai faktor emisi Indonesia dan PM European Emission.
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Brake disc applications require materials that have high wear resistance. The nature of wear resistance is influenced by the interaction between rubbing surfaces. In this research, AISI 420 steel is used which will be given heat treatment including quenching and tempering with variations in tempering temperature to obtain the desired hardness. In the quenching process, AISI 420 is heated at 1150°C for 60 minutes and cooled in water media. The tempering temperatures used are 565°C, 585°C, and 595°C which are held for 60 minutes. After the heat treatment process, AISI 420 steel will be subjected to hardness testing, metallographic testing, pin-on-disc tribometry testing, and X-Ray Diffraction testing to identify the effect of tempering temperature variations on the hardness, microstructure, and wear resistance of AISI 420 steel. The higher the tempering temperature, the lower the hardness. The highest hardness of tempering results is obtained at a temperature of 565 ° C with a hardness of 37.2 ± 0.20 HRC. The microstructure of AISI 420 steel is influenced by the heat treatment process imposed. In the specimens resulting from the quenching process, the microstructure formed is martensite, while the specimens resulting from the tempering process form a tempered martensite structure. Wear resistance results are also obtained which are comparable to hardness properties, where the highest wear resistance is obtained at a tempering temperature of 565 ° C with a hardness of 37.2 ± 0.20 HRC. It is also noted that brake emission for disc brake applications, where specimens with tempering temperatures of 565°C and 585°C are still below the regulatory limits according to Indonesian emission factors and PM European Emission.
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