Analisis Pengaruh Alkalisasi dan Hidrolisis pada Optimalisasi Sifat Mekanis Serat Abaka dalam Metode tanpa dan dengan Vakum

Sari, Meilysa Kurnia (2024) Analisis Pengaruh Alkalisasi dan Hidrolisis pada Optimalisasi Sifat Mekanis Serat Abaka dalam Metode tanpa dan dengan Vakum. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perlakuan alkalisasi sangat penting dalam mengevaluasi selulosa pada serat abaka. Dua metode berbeda menjadi daya tarik dalam penelitian ini, yaitu penggunaan vakum dan tanpa vakum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi larutan alkali serta penggunaan vakum dalam perlakuan terhadap sifat mekanis serat. Analisis karakterisasi serat dilakukan pada komponen lignin, kekuatan tarik, modulus Young, derajat kristalinitas, densitas, serta morfologi serat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi larutan NaOH menghasilkan penurunan komponen lignin, peningkatan kekuatan mekanis yang disertai dengan peningkatan derajat kristalinitas serat, dan peningkatan densitas akibat selulosa yang dominan dalam serat, serta penurunan diameter serat akibat penyusutan serat. Penggunaan vakum dalam perendaman serat pada larutan NaOH 5% (AFV5) menyebabkan sifat mekanis serat paling optimal dengan kekuatan tarik meningkat menjadi 104649,4 GPa dan modulus Young serat meningkat menjadi 22958778,8 GPa. Sifat mekanis yang optimal juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai derajat kristalinitas tertinggi yaitu 55,29%. Sifat mekanis yang optimal ini disebabkan oleh penggunaan vakum yang diberikan pada proses perendaman serat dalam larutan NaOH dan asam asetat. Penggunaan vakum menjadikan proses infiltrasi lebih merata dan mampu menghilangkan komponen pengotor, seperti lignin lebih optimal dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Faktor utamanya adalah pengaruh penghalang berupa oksigen dalam pori-pori yang hilang, serta tekanan pori-pori serat lebih rendah daripada larutan perendamannya.
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Alkalization treatment is crucial in evaluating cellulose in abaca fibers. Two different methods are attractive in this research, namely the use of vacuum and non-vacuum. This research aims to determine the effect of increasing the concentration of alkaline solution and the use of vacuum treatment on the mechanical properties of the fibers. Fiber characterization analysis was performed on lignin content, tensile strength, Young's modulus, degree of crystallinity, density, and fiber morphology. The analysis results showed that increasing the concentration of NaOH solution resulted in a decrease in lignin content, an increase in mechanical strength accompanied by an increase in the degree of fiber crystallinity, and an increase in density due to the dominance of cellulose in the fibers, as well as a decrease in fiber diameter due to fiber shrinkage. The use of vacuum in soaking the fibers in a 5% NaOH solution (AFV5) resulted in the most optimal mechanical properties of the fibers, with tensile strength increasing to 104.649,4 MPa and Young's modulus of the fibers increasing to 22.958,78 MPa. The optimal mechanical properties were also indicated by the highest degree of crystallinity value, which was 55.29%. These optimal mechanical properties are due to the use of vacuum during the soaking process of the fibers in NaOH and acetic acid solution. The vacuum process results in more even infiltration and is able to remove impurities such as lignin more optimally compared to other treatments. The main factor is the removal of oxygen barriers in the pores, and the fiber pore pressure being lower than that of the soaking solution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Abaca fiber, Addition of NaOH, Chemical treatment, Lignin components, Komponen lignin, Penambahan NaOH, Perlakuan kimia, Serat abaka.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD481 Chemical structure.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Meilysa Kurnia Sari
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2024 03:03
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2024 03:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111115

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