Nikmah, Afiatun (2024) Evaluasi Sarana dan Prasana Air Bersih dan Sanitasi Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng (Studi Kasus: Pondok Tebuireng Pusat). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini mengevaluasi sarana air bersih dan sanitasi lingkungan di Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng Pusat, salah satu pondok pesantren terbesar di Jawa Timur. Meskipun pesantren memiliki peran sosial penting dan berkontribusi dalam pembenahan lingkungan, terdapat beberapa permasalahan seperti sarana air bersih yang kurang optimal dan sanitasi yang belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi. Di pesantren putra, meskipun sudah ada IPAL, pengujian berkala belum dilakukan, sementara pesantren putri belum memiliki IPAL sehingga limbahnya langsung dibuang ke sungai. Selain itu, pemilahan sampah dan kesadaran terhadap pelestarian lingkungan juga masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi permasalahan tersebut.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan melibatkan observasi lapangan, uji laboratorium kualitas air bersih dan air limbah domestik, serta wawancara kepada pengurus dan anggota pesantren menggunakan kuesioner. Kuesioner ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data perilaku peduli lingkungan pada bidang air bersih, air limbah, persampahan, dan drainase. Evaluasi sarana dan prasarana air bersih dan sanitasi didasarkan pada tiga aspek: teknis, keuangan, dan peran masyarakat..
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam kondisi pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana air bersih dan sanitasi di Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng Pusat belum memenuhi standar. Hal tersebut dibuktikan oleh hasil uji kualitas air sumur dan efluen air limbah yang tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu. Disisi lain, sampah masih dibuang tanpa ada pemilahan. Pada pesantren putri direncanakan untuk dibangun IPAL biofilter anaerobik-aerobik agar air limbah yang dibuang memenuhi baku mutu. Pada pesantren putra, agar memenuhi baku mutu, diperlukan pembersihan dan pengurasan padal IPAL dan pengoperasian sesuai kapasitas. Direncanakan pengadaan sampah terpilah pada semua area pondok pesantren agar sampah dibuang sesuai kategori sampah. Diperlukan dukungan masyarakat pesantren untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya mengelola lingkungan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup.
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This study assesses the clean water and environmental sanitation facilities at Pondok Pesantren Tebuireng Pusat, one of East Java's largest Islamic boarding schools. Despite the pesantren's important social function and contributions to environmental betterment, some difficulties have been found, including inadequate clean water facilities and insufficient sanitation services. Although there is a wastewater treatment facility in the boys' section of the pesantren, it is not regularly tested, whereas the girls' section lacks a wastewater treatment plant, resulting in direct wastewater dumping into the river. Additionally, garbage sorting and environmental awareness are lacking. The research technique included field observations, laboratory testing of clean water and domestic wastewater quality, and questionnaire-based interviews with pesantren officials and members. These questionnaires were designed to collect information on environmental concerns related to clean water, wastewater, waste management, and drainage. The evaluation of clean water and sanitation infrastructure was based on three criteria: technical, financial, and community roles. The research findings indicate that the management of clean water and sanitation facilities at Tebuireng Central Islamic Boarding School does not yet meet the standards. This is evidenced by the results of well water quality tests and wastewater effluent tests, which fail to meet the required quality standards. Additionally, waste is still being disposed of without segregation. For the female dormitory, it is planned to construct an anaerobic-aerobic biofilter wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to ensure that the discharged wastewater meets quality standards. For the male dormitory, to meet quality standards, cleaning and desilting of the existing WWTP is required, along with operating it according to its capacity. It is also planned to implement segregated waste disposal across all areas of the boarding school to ensure that waste is disposed of according to its category. Support from the boarding school community is essential to raise awareness about the importance of environmental management and to improve the quality of life.
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