Sistem Kontrol PID Temperatur Kondensor Pada Proses Pemurnian Etanol Plant Produksi Minyak Goreng

Prasetya, Dafa Agung (2024) Sistem Kontrol PID Temperatur Kondensor Pada Proses Pemurnian Etanol Plant Produksi Minyak Goreng. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Produksi minyak goreng dari kelapa sawit melibatkan beberapa tahap, yaitu pemurnian, fraksinasi, pengemasan, dan distribusi pasar. Proses ini umumnya menggunakan dua metode: pemurnian kimia dan fisik. Pemurnian minyak sawit mentah memerlukan ekstraksi untuk menghilangkan zat pengotor. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah liquid-liquid extraction menggunakan pelarut etanol, yang memiliki titik didih rendah, yaitu 78,39°C, sehingga mudah berubah menjadi uap. Temperatur merupakan faktor penting dalam proses kondensasi yang harus dikendalikan. Pengendalian temperatur pada kondensor dapat dilakukan menggunakan kontroler PID, dengan konstanta yang diperoleh melalui metode Ziegler-Nichols. Dalam penelitian ini, dirancang Sistem Kontrol PID Temperatur Kondensor menggunakan PLC Mitsubishi yang akan mengendalikan bukaan stepper driven control valve dan hasil pengukuran ditampilkan pada Human Machine Interface (HMI). Hasil kontrol Propotional (P) menunjukkan undershoot 66,57%, settling time 1750 detik, dan steady state error 16,65%. Pada kontrol Propotional Integral (PI), diperoleh undershoot 50%, settling time 475 detik, dan steady state error 5,6%. Sementara itu, pada kontrol Propotional Integral Derrivative (PID), didapatkan undershoot 375%, settling time 540 detik, dan steady state error 6%. Dengan demikian, kontrol PI efektif dalam mempertahankan temperatur yang diinginkan dengan steady state error 5,6%, menghasilkan kadar alkohol yang setara atau lebih baik dibandingkan sistem kontrol yang lain.
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The production of palm oil-based cooking oil involves several stages, including refining, fractionation, packaging, and market distribution. This process typically uses two methods: chemical and physical refining. Purification of crude palm oil requires extraction to remove impurities. One method employed is liquid-liquid extraction using ethanol as the solvent, which has a low boiling point of 78.39°C, making it easily vaporized. Temperature control is crucial during the condensation process. Temperature regulation in the condenser can be achieved using a PID controller, can be determined by the Ziegler-Nichols method. In this study, the PID Temperature Control System for the condenser was designed using a Mitsubishi PLC to control the opening of a stepper-driven control valve, with measurement results displayed on a Human Machine Interface (HMI). The Proportional (P) control results undershoot of 66.57%, a settling time of 1750 seconds, and a steady-state error of 16.65%. For the Proportional Integral (PI) control, an undershoot of 50%, a settling time of 475 seconds, and a steady-state error of 5.6% were obtained. Meanwhile, the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control resulted in an undershoot of 375%, a settling time of 540 seconds, and a steady-state error of 6%. Therefore, the PI control is effective in maintaining the desired temperature with a steady-state error of 5.6%, producing alcohol content that is comparable to or better than other control systems

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	PID, Ziegler-Nichols, Kondensor, Kompresor, Stepper Driven Control Valve, PID, Ziegler-Nichols, Compressor, Condenser, Stepper Driven Control Valve
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA593.35 Instruments, cameras, etc. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP492.3 Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Dafa Agung Prasetya
Date Deposited:	08 Aug 2024 02:55
Last Modified:	08 Aug 2024 02:55
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111501

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