Desain Pabrik Suplemen Ekstrak Kulit Manggis Skala 1 Ton/Tahun dengan Microwave Assisted Extraction

Salsabila, Alifah and Agustira, Ferlys Rima Ayu (2024) Desain Pabrik Suplemen Ekstrak Kulit Manggis Skala 1 Ton/Tahun dengan Microwave Assisted Extraction. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dewasa ini, kanker mendapat perhatian yang masif secara global. World Health Organization menyatakan, kanker adalah penyebab kedua kematian, dengan total 9,6 juta kematian atau 1 dari 6 penyebab kematian. Parahnya, 70% kematian terjadi di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, suplemen herbal anti-kanker memiliki urgensi dan peluang yang besar, serta dapat menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat dunia dan secara masyarakat Indonesia. Antioksidan termasuk dalam kategori senyawa aktif. Salah satunya adalah senyawa α-mangostin, juga disebut anti-tumor, anti-cholinesterase, anti-pembengkakan, anti-depresant, anti-viral, dan anti-bacterial. Bagian tumbuhan manggis yang tertinggi konsentrasinya adalah kulit buah manggis (pericarp). Desain pabrik suplemen kesehatan berbasis ekstrak kulit manggis, digunakan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) menggunakan solvent etil asetat dan air dengan rasio antar solvent 1:1, rasio antar solute dan solvent sebesar 1:10, waktu ekstraksi 6 menit, suhu 50˚°C, dan tekanan 1 atm. Metode MAE memiliki keunggulan dibanding metode konvensional seperti maserasi dan metode lainnya misalnya ekstraksi dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonic karena menghasilkan persen yield yang tinggi, minim solvent, serta waktu ekstraksi yang cepat. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah nilai IC50 yang berada di sekitar 13,7 µg/mL, menjadikan produknya masuk dalam deretan produk suplemen kesehatan unggulan karena mendekati nilai IC50 asam askorbat (vitamin C) yaitu 10,4 µg/mL. Pabrik berskala UMKM karena desain makrowave (mikrowave skala industri) belum ada patent, sedangkan dalam skala menengah telah ada patennya. Memiliki kapasitas produksi 1 ton pertahun sehingga perhari dapat menghasilkan 3.03 kg ekstrak kulit manggis. Pabrik beroperasi secara batch. Lokasi pabrik berada di Kampe Industrial Estate Banyuwangi (KIEB). Pabrik direncanakan memulai masa konstruksi pada tahun 2026 hingga tahun 2027 akhir, dan pada tahun 2028 akan mulai produksi. Dengan umur pabrik selama 30 tahun. Operasi pabrik dilakukan selama 330 hari per tahun dengan jam kerja harian 8 jam kerja. Utilitas yang digunakan dalam pabrik ini yaitu steam bertekanan sebagai pemanas udara dan kebutuhan udara kering pada dryer. Sumber investasi bisnis skala menengah-kecil ini berasal dari 40% dana pribadi dan 60% dana pinjaman dari Bank Mandiri, dengan perincian analisa ekonomi sebagai berikut :
• Net Present Value (NPV) = Rp4.892.876.860
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 16%
• Waktu Pengembalian Modal = 12.94 tahun
• Break Even Point = 38.5%
Dari hasil analisa ekonomi yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik dengan skala kecil-menengah ini layak untuk didirikan.
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Today, cancer is receiving massive attention globally. The World Health Organization states that cancer is the second cause of death, with a total of 9.6 million deaths or 1 in 6 causes of death. Worse, 70% of deaths occur in developing countries, including Indonesia. Therefore, anti-cancer herbal medicine has great urgency and opportunity, and can become a necessity for the world community and the Indonesian people. Antioxidants are included in the category of active compounds. One of them is the compound α-mangostin, also called anti-tumor, anti-cholinesterase, anti-swelling, anti-depressant, anti-viral, and anti-bacterial. The part of the mangosteen plant with the highest concentration is the mangosteen rind (pericarp). In the design of a health supplement plant based on mangosteen peel extract, the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method was used using ethyl acetate and water solvents with a solvent-to-solvent ratio of 1:1, solute-to-solvent ratio of 1:10, extraction time of 6 minutes, temperature of 50˚C, and pressure of 1 atm. The MAE method has advantages over conventional methods such as maceration and other methods such as ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction because it produces high percent yield, minimal solvent, and fast extraction time. The expected result is an IC50 value of around 13.7 µg/mL, making the product a leading health supplement product because it is close to the IC50 value of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of 10.4 µg/mL. The factory is on the scale of MSMEs because the design of macrowaves (industrial-scale microwaves) has no patent, while in the medium scale there is a patent. It has a production capacity of 1 ton per year so that per day it can produce 3.03 kg of mangosteen peel extract. The plant operates in batches. The plant is located in Kampe Industrial Estate Banyuwangi (KIEB). The plant is planned to start the construction period in 2026 until the end of 2027, and in 2028 it will start production. Plant operations are carried out for 330 days per year with daily working hours of 8 working hours. Utilities used in this plant are pressurized steam as an air heater and dry air requirements in the dryer. The source of investment for this medium-small scale business comes from 40% personal funds and 60% loan funds from Bank Mandiri, with details of the economic analysis as follows:
• Net Present Value (NPV) = Rp4.892.876.860
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 16%
• Payback Period (POT) = 12.94 years
• Break Even Point (BEP) = 38.5%
From the results of the economic analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that this small-medium scale factory is feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kulit Manggis, Microwave Assisted Extraction, Pra Desain Pabrik, Senyawa Bioaktif,Bioactive Compound, Chemical Factory Design Project, Mangosteen Pericarp.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ferlys Rima Ayu Agustira
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2024 07:20
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2024 07:20
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/111658

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