Manurung, Teddy Dahlan (2024) Analisa Studi Numerik Co-firing Batubara dengan Amonia pada Boiler Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Studi Kasus PLTU Pangkalan Susu 3&4 (210 Megawatt). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dengan semakin meningkatkanya pemanasan global akibat efek emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) yang terjadi sekarang ini, telah mendorong semua pihak untuk mencari cara dalam menurunkan laju emisi. Pemakaian bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi merupakan sumber terbesar dalam produksi emisi GRK patut diperhatikan dan dicari alternatif energi lain untuk bisa mengatasi masalah ini. Sumber energi baru dan terbarukan merupakan salah satu solusi yang sudah banyak diteliti dan diterapkan sekarang ini seperti energi surya, energi air, energi angin, energi panas bumi, energi biomassa dan lain sebagainya. Salah satu alternatif yang sedang dikembangkan sekarang adalah pencampuran bahan bakar fosil dengan bahan bakar alernatif lain yang sumbernya berkelanjutan atau disebut sebagai co-firing. Penelitian ini befokus pada analisis pemakaian amonia sebagai bahan bakar campuran dengan batubara pada boiler Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Co-firing antara batubara dan amonia dipelajari dengan cara simulasi numerik dengan mengambil studi kasus pada boiler PLTU Pangkalan Susu 3&4 berkapasitas 210 Megawatt dengan tipe boiler pulverizered. Adapaun simulasi numerik co-firing ini dilakukan dengan software Computerized Fluid Dynamics (CFD) yaitu Ansys Fluent. Validasi simulasi dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu mensimulasikan kondisi aktual pembakaran dengan 100% batubara kemudian menbandingkan hasil simulasi dengan kondisi pembakaran sebenarnya dari sisi distribusi temperatur di dalam boiler. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan simulasi co-firing dengan injeksi amonia sebesar 5% dari tiap-tiap level burner mulai burner A, B, C dan D (Case 1 – Case 4). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan adanya penurunan temperatur untuk kasus co-firing pada area Furnace Exit Gas Temperatur (FEGT) boiler pada rentang 8,11-25,28 ̊C jika dibandingkan dengan pembakaran batubara murni, dimana penurunan tertinggi ada pada Case 2 (injeksi amonia dari burner B). Sedangkan emisi CO2 pada juga mengalami penurunan sekitar 3,4-4,5 % dimana penurunan terbaik ada pada Case 3 (injeksi amonia dari burner C). Untuk emisi NOx semua kasus co-firing mengalami kenaikan pada kisaran 2,34-4,3 % dan kenaikan tertinggi ada pada Case 1 (injeksi amonia dari burner A).
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With the increasing of global warming due to the effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions currently, it has encouraged all parties to look for ways to reduce the rate of emissions. The use of fossil fuels as an energy source is the largest source of GHG emissions and deserves attention therefor finding other energy alternatives are needed to overcome this problem. New and renewable energy sources are one solution that has been widely researched and implemented today, such as solar energy, water energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy and so on. One alternative that is currently being developed is mixing fossil fuels with other alternative fuels from sustainable sources or what is known as co-firing. This research focuses on the analysis of the use of ammonia as a mixed fuel with coal in Coal-Fired Steam Power Plant (CFSPP) boilers. Co-firing between coal and ammonia was studied by numerical simulation taking a case study on the CFSPP Pangkalan Susu 3&4 boiler with a capacity of 210 Megawatts with a pulverized boiler type. The numerical simulation of co-firing was carried out using Computerized Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, namely Ansys Fluent. Simulation validation is carried out by first simulating actual combustion conditions with 100% coal and then comparing the simulation results with actual combustion conditions in terms of temperature distribution and flue gas velocity in the boiler. Then continued with co-firing simulation with ammonia injection of 5% from each burner level starting from burner A, B, C and D (Case 1 - Case 4). The simulation results show a decrease in temperature for the co-firing case in the Furnace Exit Gas Temperature (FEGT) area of the boiler in the range of 8.11-25.28 ̊C when compared to pure coal combustion, where the highest decrease is in Case 2 (ammonia injection from burner B). While CO2 emissions also decreased by around 3.4-4.5% where the best decrease was in Case 3 (ammonia injection from burner C). For NOx emissions, all co-firing cases increased in the range of 2.34-4.3% and the highest increase was in Case 1 (ammonia injection from burner A).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Emmision, Boiler, Co-firing, Boiler, Ammonia, Numerical Simulation, Emisi, Boiler, Co-firing, Batubara, Amonia, Simulasi Numerik |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Teddy Dahlan Manurung |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2024 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2024 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/112805 |
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