Analisis Pemilihan Pelabuhan Cadangan Lintasan Penyeberangan Merak - Bakauheni Pada Saat Kondisi Beban Puncak

Adhikararaksaka, Galih Mahastra (2024) Analisis Pemilihan Pelabuhan Cadangan Lintasan Penyeberangan Merak - Bakauheni Pada Saat Kondisi Beban Puncak. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Lintasan penyeberangan Merak – Bakauheni merupakan lintasan penyeberangan yang menghubungkan Pulau Jawa dan Pulau Sumatera. Setiap tahun, terjadi lonjakan permintaan penyeberangan yang signifikan, terutama selama arus mudik Lebaran serta libur Natal dan Tahun Baru. Lonjakan ini melebihi kapasitas Pelabuhan Penyeberangan Merak, sehingga menyebabkan bottleneck dan antrian. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, sejak tahun 2022 Kementerian Perhubungan menerapkan Kebijakan Pelabuhan Cadangan. Namun, kebijakan ini masih belum optimal, kemacetan panjang tetap terjadi, dan perusahaan pelayaran mengeluh karena harus berlayar dengan jarak yang lebih jauh tanpa kompensasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pelabuhan di sekitar lintasan Merak-Bakauheni yang kompatibel sebagai pelabuhan penyeberangan cadangan dan menentukan pola operasi yang tepat, termasuk asal/tujuan, golongan kendaraan yang dipindah, dan penugasan kapal untuk kebijakan Pelabuhan Cadangan tahun 2025. Metode optimasi digunakan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi skema operasi, golongan kendaraan yang dipindah, dan komposisi kapal yang sesuai agar Vehicle to Capacity Ratio pelabuhan memenuhi standar dengan biaya kompensasi minimum. Metode simulasi juga digunakan untuk membandingkan biaya publik dan waktu tunggu kendaraan akibat kebijakan ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengoperasian kebijakan Pelabuhan Cadangan selama 5 hari dengan menggunakan Pelabuhan Indah Kiat, Ciwandan, dan Bandar Bakau Jaya serta penugasan 11 kapal RoRo eksisting akan memerlukan biaya kompensasi sebesar Rp 17.769.755.607. Kebijakan ini dapat mengurangi rata-rata waktu tunggu kendaraan sebesar 68%, dari 5 jam 17 menit menjadi 1 jam 58 menit ketika beban puncak, serta menurunkan biaya publik akibat antrian sebesar Rp 59.600.875.298, menghasilkan Benefit to Cost Ratio sebesar 3,4 apabila diterapkan saat mudik Lebaran 2025.
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The Merak – Bakauheni crossing route connects Java and Sumatra Islands. Every year, there is a significant increase in ferry demand, especially during the Eid al-Fitr “Mudik” and Christmas-New Year vacations period. This surge exceeds the capacity of the Merak Ferry Terminal, causing bottlenecks and queues. To address this issue, since 2022, the Ministry of Transportation has implemented a Backup Port Policy. However, the policy remains suboptimal, with prolonged traffic jams and shipping companies complaining of having to sail longer distances without compensation. This study aims to identify compatible backup ferry terminals around the Merak-Bakauheni route and determine the appropriate operational patterns, including origins/destinations, vehicle class that are moved, and vessel assignments for the 2025 Backup Port Policy. Optimization methods are used to achieve operational schemes, vehicle class that are moved, and vessel compositions that meet port Vehicle to Capacity Ratio standards with minimal compensation costs. Simulation methods are also employed to compare public costs and vehicle waiting times due to this policy. The analysis shows that implementing the Backup Port Policy for 5 days using the Indah Kiat, Ciwandan, and Bandar Bakau Jaya ports, along with assigning 11 existing RoRo vessels, would require compensation costs of Rp 17,769,755,607. This policy could reduce average vehicle waiting times by 68%, from 5 hours 17 minutes to 1 hour 58 minutes during peak periods, and decrease public costs due to queues by Rp 59.600.875.298, resulting in a Benefit to Cost Ratio of 3,4 if applied during the Eid al-Fitr “Mudik” period in 2025.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Pelabuhan Cadangan, Penyeberangan, Metode Optimasi, V/C Ratio, Backup Port, Ferry Crossing, Optimization Method, V/C Ratio
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory > HB846.2 Cost benefit analysis
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE336.R68 Route choice
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE355 Traffic engineering
H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping
Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA401 Mathematical models.
T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL725.3 Traffic Control
V Naval Science > V Naval Science (General)
V Naval Science > VK > VK570 Optimum ship routing.
Divisions: Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Galih Mahastra Adhikararaksaka
Date Deposited: 13 Aug 2024 03:56
Last Modified: 15 Aug 2024 07:21
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/113759

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