Avissa, Nathanya Christy Shanie (2024) Keanekaragaman Dan Distribusi Fitoplankton Kawasan Budidaya Perairan Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe Di Selatan Lombok. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Plankton adalah organisme akuatik yang memiliki ukuran mikroskopik dan dengan daya renang yang lemah sehingga hanya dapat bergerak karena adanya arus air. Fitoplankton dapat menjadi salah satu indikator biologis untuk memantau kondisi perairan, polusi, dan eutrofikasi. Selain menjadi indikator perairan, fitoplankton juga dapat dikaitkan dengan budidaya perairan. Kelimpahan fitoplankton dapatdipengaruhi oleh faktor fisik-kimia perairan. Lokasi penelitian ini berada di Selatan Lombok, diperairan Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe. Ketiga lokasi tersebut dikenal dengan lokasi budidayanya, yakni Serewe untuk budidaya rumput laut (makroalga), sedangkan Paremas dan Awang budidaya ikan dan terdapat banyak keramba jaring apung (KJA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan distribusi fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe, serta mengetahui faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan distribusi fitoplankton di ketiga perairan tersebut. Pengambilan sampel fitoplankton dilakukan dengan Kitahara Net yang ukuran mesh-nya 20 μm dan diameter jaring 15 cm dengan penarikan vertical pada kedalaman maksimal 10 m. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui keanekaragaman fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe sama-sama terindeks sedang yaitu Teluk Awang berkisar antara 2,39 – 1,34, Paremas berkisar antara 2,05 – 1,49, dan Serewe berkisar antara 1,87 – 1,26. Distribusi fitoplankton di Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe ditemukan bahwa ada kelompok diatom (27 genus), dinoflagellata (3 genus), dan sianobakteria (2 genus) dan dengan kelimpahan fitoplankton terbesar yaitu Chaetoceros. Faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan distribusi fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe berdasarkan hasil RDA didapatkan bahwa yang mempunyai nilai signifikansi dan mempengaruhi distribusi dari fitoplankton di lokasi Teluk Awang, Paremas, dan Serewe adalah kecerahan, TSS, nitrit, dan fosfat. Kecerahan memiliki pengaruh pada beberapa genus tertentu yaitu BRC (Bellerochea), CCD (Climacodium), HML (Hemiaulus), MNR (Meuniera), ODT (Odontella), LDR (Lauderia), BTS (Bacteriastrum), dan RZS (Rhizosolenia). Konsentrasi nitrit memiliki pengaruh pada genus CLT (Cyclotella), PPD (Protoperidinium), DPS (Dinophysis), dan CTC (Chaetoceros). Konsentrasi fosfat memiliki pengaruh pada genus PSNTZ (Pseudo-Nitzschia), TLN (Thallasionema), dan DTM (Ditylum). Total padatan tersuspensi (TSS) memiliki pengaruh pada genus PRS (Pleurosigma), TLS (Thallasiosira), CND (Coscinodiscus), CDT (Cylindrotheca), CRT (Ceratium), TCD (Trichodesmium), ANP (Asterionellopsis), dan NTZ (Nitzscia).
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Plankton are microscopic aquatic organisms with weak swimming power and can only move due to water currents. Phytoplankton can be a biological indicator for monitoring water conditions, pollution, and eutrophication. Apart from being an aquatic indicator, phytoplankton can also be associated with aquaculture. The abundance of phytoplankton can be influenced by physical and chemical factors in water. This research is located in South Lombok, in Awang Bay, Serewe, and Paremas waters. These three locations are known for their cultivation locations, namely Serewe for cultivating seaweed (macroalgae), while Paremas and Awang Bay cultivate fish, and there are many floating net cages (KJA). This research aims to determine the diversity and distribution of phytoplankton in Awang Bay, Serewe, and Paremas, as well as determine environmental factors that influence the diversity and distribution of phytoplankton in those waters. Plankton sample collection was performed by vertical towing using a Kitahara net with mesh size 20 μm and net diameter 15 cm from the maximum depth of 10 m. According to the results of the study, the phytoplankton diversity in the waters of the Awang Bay, Paremas, and Serewe are both indexed on a medium scale, which is between 2.39 – 1.34, Paremas is between 2.05 – 1.49, and Srewe is between 1.87 – 1.26. The distribution of phytoplankton in the Awang Bay, Paremas, and Serewe found that there are groups of diatoms (27 genus), dinoflagellata (3 genus) and cyanobacteria (2 genus). Environmental factors that affect the diversity and distribution of phytoplankton in the waters of the Awang Bay, Paremas, and Serewe based on the RDA results were found to have significant values and affect the distribution in the Awang Bay, Paremas, and Serewe are brightness, TSS, nitrites, and phosphate. Brightness has an influence on certain genera BRC (Bellerochea), CCD (Climacodium), HML (Hemiaulus), MNR (Meuniera), ODT (Odontella), LDR (Lauderia), BTS (Bacteriastrum), dan RZS (Rhizosolenia). Nitrite concentrations have an effect on the genera CLT (Cyclotella), PPD (Protoperidinium), DPS (Dinophysis), dan CTC (Chaetoceros). Phosphat concentration has an impact on the genera PSNTZ (Pseudo-Nitzschia), TLN (Thallasionema), dan DTM (Ditylum). Total suspended solids (TSS) has an effect in the genera PRS (Pleurosigma), TLS (Thallasiosira), CND (Coscinodiscus), CDT (Cylindrotheca), CRT (Ceratium), TCD (Trichodesmium), ANP (Asterionellopsis), dan NTZ (Nitzscia).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Keanekaragaman, Distribusi, Faktor Lingkungan, Fitoplankton, dan Indikator Perairan ============================================================== Distribution, Environmental Factors, Phytoplankton, and Aquatic Indicators. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QH Biology > QH91.8.S64 Species diversity |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nathanya Christy |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Aug 2024 08:20 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Aug 2024 08:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/113813 |
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