Pengaruh Penambahan Syngas Hasil Gasifikasi Pelet Kayu Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel

Adani, Hafidh Fajar (2024) Pengaruh Penambahan Syngas Hasil Gasifikasi Pelet Kayu Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan energi di Indonesia semakin meningkat, sementara pasokan energi yang tersedia semakin terbatas. Kondisi ini mendorong penggunaan energi alternatif. Salah satu energi altrernatif yang memiliki potensi besar untuk dimanfaatkan adalah biomassa kayu. Biomassa kemudian diolah melalui proses gasifikasi yang menghasilkan syngas. Syngas dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar diesel sistem dual fuel. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini terdapat penambahan syngas hasil gasifikasi pelet kayu pada mesin diesel. Tujuan utama untuk mengkarakterisasi unjuk kerja mesin diesel dan mendapatkan substitusi syngas yang maksimal pada sistem dual fuel. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan mesin diesel pada putaran mesin konstan 3000 rpm dengan variasi bukaan valve syngas dan pembebanan dari 500 watt hingga 4500 watt dengan interval kenaikan 500 watt. Sistem pemasukkan syngas menggunakan mixer secara langsung dari reaktor. Valve syngas dilakukan variasi bukaan ¼, ½, ¾, dan bukaan penuh. Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap arus dan tegangan listrik tiap pembebanan, waktu konsumsi biodiesel 25 ml, opasitas emisi gas buang, serta temperatur operasi: oli, mesin, dan gas buang. Hasil penelitian didapat pada variasi bukaan penuh menghasilkan unjuk kerja yang paling optimal. Penurunan specific fuel consumption (SFC) biodiesel sebesar 26,25% dari 0,240 kg/kWh menjadi 0,177 kg/kWh. Nilai efisiensi termal mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,6% dari kondisi single fuel. Nilai AFR terendah pada kondisi dual fuel, angka ini menurun sebesar 73% dari kondisi single fuel. AFR yang tidak ideal juga memberikan dampak terhadap temperatur operasi, temperatur mesin tertinggi 62°C meningkat 7,4%, temperatur oli tertinggi 112°C meningkat 9,6%, dan temperatur gas buang tertinggi 221°C meningkat 18,5% dibandingkan dengan kondisi single fuel. Nilai opasitas emisi didapat penurunan sebesar 36,1% dari 1,55 m-1 menjadi 0,99 m-1. Penambahan syngas dapat mensubstitusi biodiesel terbaik hingga 28,6%.
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The demand for energy in Indonesia is increasing, while the available energy supply is becoming more limited. This situation encourages the use of alternative energy. One alternative energy source with significant potential for utilization is wood biomass. Biomass is then processed through gasification to produce syngas. Syngas can be used as a fuel in a dual-fuel diesel system. Therefore, in this study, syngas produced from wood pellet gasification is added to a diesel engine. The primary objective is to characterize the performance of the diesel engine and achieve maximum syngas substitution in the dual-fuel system. The research is conducted experimentally using a diesel engine at a constant speed of 3000 rpm with variations in syngas valve openings and loadings from 500 watts to 4500 watts with an increment interval of 500 watts. The syngas introduction system uses a mixer directly from the reactor. The syngas valve is varied with ¼, ½, ¾, and full openings. Measurements are taken for electrical current and voltage at each load, the time for consuming 25 ml of biodiesel, exhaust gas opacity, and operating temperatures: oil, engine, and exhaust gas. The results show that the full valve opening variation yields the most optimal performance. The specific fuel consumption (SFC) of biodiesel decreases by 26,25% from 0,240 kg/kWh to 0,177 kg/kWh. Thermal efficiency decreases by 0,6% compared to the single-fuel condition. The lowest air-fuel ratio (AFR) in the dual-fuel condition decreases by 73% compared to the single-fuel condition. The non-ideal AFR also impacts the operating temperatures, with the highest engine temperature of 62°C increasing by 7,4%, the highest oil temperature of 112°C increasing by 9,6 %, and the highest exhaust gas temperature of 221°C increasing by 18,5% compared to the single-fuel condition. The opacity value of the emissions decreases by 36,1% from 1,55 m-1 to 0,99 m-1. The addition of syngas can substitute biodiesel by up to 28,6%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biomassa, Pelet Kayu, Gasifikasi, Syngas, Diesel Dual Fuel, Biomass, Wood Pellet, Gasification
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Hafidh Fajar Adani
Date Deposited:	26 Aug 2024 02:06
Last Modified:	26 Aug 2024 02:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114329

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