Pemrosesan Hidrotermal Minyak Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) dengan Variasi Waktu menggunakan Pelarut Metanol

Putri, Azalia Shafara (2024) Pemrosesan Hidrotermal Minyak Biji Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) dengan Variasi Waktu menggunakan Pelarut Metanol. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan energi dunia terus meningkat karena pertumbuhan populasi dan industrialisasi yang
pesat. Salah satu permasalahan energi yang dihadapi dunia saat ini yaitu berkurangnya pasokan
sumber bahan bakar fosil. Di antara sumber-sumber energi alternatif yang mungkin ada, potensi
biomassa sebagai bahan baku pengganti bahan bakar fosil telah dibuktikan dengan baik.
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) merupakan salah satu teknologi yang dapat mengonversi
biomassa menjadi bahan bakar cair yang dapat langsung digunakan atau memerlukan proses
peningkatan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pemrosesan HTL minyak biji nyamplung
(Calophyllum inophyllum) menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan variasi waktu untuk
menghasilkan metil ester asam lemak (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) yang merupakan
komponen utama biodiesel. Rasio massa metanol terhadap minyak biji nyamplung yang
digunakan yaitu 3 : 1. Proses HTL dilakukan pada suhu 250°C dan tekanan 2 MPa. Waktu HTL
divariasikan 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Persen yield minyak produk HTL dipelajari. Uji densitas,
viskositas, dan nilai kalor dilakukan pada minyak produk HTL. Kandungan metil ester asam
lemak pada minyak produk HTL dianalisis menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Persen yield
minyak produk HTL berkisar antara 63-73%. Densitas dan viskositas minyak produk HTL
mengalami penurunan seiring meningkatnya waktu HTL, sementara nilai kalornya mengalami
peningkatan seiring meningkatnya waktu HTL. Kandungan senyawa metil ester asam lemak
pada minyak produk HTL dengan variasi waktu 30, 60, dan 90 menit berturut-turut adalah 90%,
88,59%, dan 75,51%. Pada variasi waktu 90 menit, terbentuk senyawa hidrokarbon alkana
dengan kadar 6,84% yang merupakan hasil reaksi dekarboksilasi asam lemak. = World energy needs continue to increase due to population growth and rapid industrialization.
One of the energy problems facing the world today is the decreasing supply of fossil fuel
sources. Among the possible alternative energy sources, the potential of biomass as a raw
material to replace fossil fuels has been well demonstrated. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)
is a technique that can convert biomass into liquid fuel that can be used directly or requires an
upgrading process. In this research, HTL processing of nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum)
seed oil has been carried out using methanol as solvent with varying time to produce fatty acid
methyl ester (FAME) which is the main component of biodiesel. The mass ratio of methanol to
nyamplung seed oil used is 3: 1. The HTL process is carried out at a temperature of 250°C and
a pressure of 2 MPa. HTL times were varied between 30, 60 and 90 minutes. The percent oil
yield of HTL products was studied. Density, viscosity and heating value tests were carried out
on HTL product oil. The fatty acid methyl ester content in HTL product oil was analyzed using
a GC-MS instrument. The percent yield of HTL product oil ranges between 63-73%. The
density and viscosity of HTL product oil decreases as the HTL time increases, while the heating
value increases as the HTL time increases. The content of fatty acid methyl ester compounds in
HTL product oil with time variations of 30, 60, and 90 minutes was 90%, 88.59%, and 75.51%,
respectively. At a time variation of 90 minutes, 6.84% hydrocarbone alkane compounds were
formed which were the result of the fatty acid decarboxylation reaction.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), Methanol, Nyamplung seed oil, Reaction time, Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), Metanol, Metil ester asam lemak, Minyak biji nyamplung, Waktu HTL.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Azalia Shafara Putri
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2024 03:06
Last Modified:	12 Aug 2024 03:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/114616

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