Purnomo, Raden Ayu Laura Azzahra (2024) Aplikasi 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) dan 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) dalam Induksi Kalus Eksplan Batang Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.) Secara In Vitro. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tanaman porang (Amorphopallus muelleri Blume.), endemik di hutan tropis Indonesia, menghasilkan umbi dan bulbil kaya glukomanan. Potensi glukomanan dalam aplikasi kesehatan dan pangan mendorong upaya meningkatkan produktivitasnya. Budidaya konvensional terkendala oleh masa dormansi yang memperpanjang waktu penanaman. Teknik perbanyakan in vitro dengan kultur jaringan menggunakan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) seperti BAP dan 2,4-D menjanjikan waktu singkat, kualitas benih yang unggul, dan produksi tanaman yang lebih efisien. Eksplan batang porang dipilih untuk penelitian ini karena sifat meristematik dan ketahanannya terhadap kontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh BAP dan 2,4-D, serta menentukan kombinasi konsentrasi yang optimal dalam membentuk kalus pada eksplan batang porang secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal berupa 4 kombinasi konsentrasi BAP + 2,4-D, yaitu BAP 0 ppm + 2,4-D 0 ppm; BAP 0,5 ppm + 2,4-D 1,0 ppm; BAP 1,0 ppm + 2,4-D 1,0 ppm; BAP 1,5 ppm + 2,4-D 1 ppm menggunakan 9 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah waktu terbentuknya kalus, persentase induksi kalus, berat basah kalus, dan morfologi kalus (warna dan tekstur). Data pengamatan morfologi kalus menggunakan pedoman Munsell Color Chart for Plant Tissue. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA One Way dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey dan Dunnet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi konsentrasi 2,4-D dan BAP yang efektif dalam menginduksi kalus secara in vitro adalah perlakuan B1D1 (BAP 0,5 ppm + 2,4-D 1,0 ppm) ditandai dengan rata-rata waktu terbentuknya kalus paling cepat 25,14 HST, persentase eksplan hidup paling tinggi 77,78%, rata-rata berat basah kalus 0,78 gram, morfologi kalus dengan tekstur remah berwarna kuning kehijauan dan tekstur kompak berwarna putih kekuningan hingga kuning kehijauan.
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Porang (Amorphopallus muelleri Blume.), endemic to the tropical forests of Indonesia, produces tubers and bulbils rich in glucomannan. The potential of glucomannan in health and food applications has driven efforts to increase its productivity. Conventional cultivation is hindered by dormancy, prolonging the planting period. In vitro propagation techniques using tissue culture with Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) such as BAP and 2,4-D promise a shorter time, superior seed quality, and more efficient plant production. Porang stem explants were chosen for this study due to their meristematic nature and resistance to contamination. This research aims to determine the effect of BAP and 2,4-D and to identify the optimal concentration combination for callus formation on porang stem explants in vitro. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor of four BAP + 2,4-D concentration combinations: BAP 0 ppm + 2,4-D 0 ppm; BAP 0.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.0 ppm; BAP 1.0 ppm + 2,4-D 1.0 ppm; and BAP 1.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1 ppm, using 9 replications. The observed parameters included callus formation time, callus induction percentage, callus fresh weight, and callus morphology (color and texture). Callus morphology data were assessed using the Munsell Color Chart for Plant Tissue. Quantitative data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey and Dunnet tests. The results showed that the effective combination of 2,4-D and BAP concentrations for inducing callus in vitro was B1D1 (BAP 0.5 ppm + 2,4-D 1.0 ppm), characterized by the fastest average callus formation time of 25,14 days after inoculation, the highest percentage of living explants at 77,78%, an average callus fresh weight of 0,78 grams, and callus morphology with friable texture in yellow-green and compact texture in yellowish-white to pale yellow-green.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 2,4-D, BAP, Kalus, Kultur in vitro, Porang 2,4-D, BAP, Callus, In vitro propagation, Porang |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany Q Science > QK Botany > QK710 Plant physiology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Raden Ayu Laura Azzahra Purnomo |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Aug 2024 07:27 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Aug 2024 07:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/115190 |
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