Fauzi, Muhammad Nur (2025) Analisis Pengaruh Doping Nitrogen Pada Lapisan Karbon Katoda Lithium Nikel Mangan Aluminium (LiNi0.9Mn0.07Al0.03O2) Terhadap Morfologi, Struktur, Dan Kinerja Elektrokimia Baterai Ion Lithium. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Baterai ion litium adalah komponen sel elektrokimia yang menggunakan prinsip reaksi oksidasi dan reduksi untuk mengubah energi kimia menjadi energi listrik untuk menyimpan energi pada bahan aktif berupa katoda. Dalam perkembangan baterai ion litium, terdapat berbagai jenis katoda yang berbeda. Contoh katoda yang biasa digunakan pada kendaraan listrik yaitu LiNMC-622, mengandung sejumlah besar kobalt. Namun, terdapat berbagai tantangan dalam penggunaan kobalt, seperti kelangkaannya, harga yang tinggi, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pengembangan baterai litium-nikel-mangan-aluminium(Li-NMA) sebagai usaha untuk mengurangi penggunaan kobalt. Terdapat satu masalah dimana kapasitas NMA masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan NMC. Maka, dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan performa baterai ion litium dengan carbon coating. Akan tetapi, hasil yang didapatkan masih belum optimal sehingga dilakukan doping nitrogen pada lapisan carbon untuk meningkatkan konduktivitasnya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis katoda LiNi0.9Mn0.07Al0.03O2 (Li-NMA) dengan perlakuan carbon coating yang di doping nitrogen menggunakan sukrosa 10wt% dan variasi komposisi tripolycyanamide sebesar 2, 2.25, dan 2.50 wt%. Katoda disintesis dengan metode kopresipitasi pada larutan ion hidroksida dengan menggunakan amonia sebagai chelating agent, kemudian dilakukan kalsinasi dengan temperatur 800℃. Kemudian material katoda diberikan perlakuan carbon coating yang di doping nitrogen dan dilakukan pirolisis dengan temperatur 650℃ dalam atmosfer argon selama 6 jam. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan metode X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Cyclic voltametry dan Galvanostatic Charge Discharge. Hasil sintesis katoda LiNMA 973 memiliki pola yang kurang sesuai karena cenderung memiliki kecocokan dengan Lithium Nickel Oxide (nomor referensi 00-023-0362). Kemudian hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya cation mixing yang tinggi. Hasil carbon coating katoda LiNMA 973 menyebabkan karusakan karena lithium tidak terdeteksi pada hasil XRD dan terdeteksi sebagai nikel oksida dengan referensi JCPDS no.01-089-7101. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode carbon coating yang dilakukan menyebabkan Lithium tereduksi sehingga tidak terdeteksi dalam sampel. Pengujian TGA dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar karbon yang terdekomposisi dalam sampel. Berdasarkan hasil XRD LiNMA tanpa carbon coating menunjukkan adanya cation mixing pada katoda litium nikel. Cation mixing merupakan kondisi dimana ion Ni2+ terletak pada posisi layer ion Li+. Hal ini memberikan pengaruh yang sangat buruk pada performa elektrokimia dan menghambat pergerakan ion Li+ ketika proses charge-discharge.
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Lithium ion batteries are electrochemical cell components that use the principle of oxidation and reduction reactions to convert chemical energy into electrical energy to store energy in the active material in the form of a cathode. In the development of lithium ion batteries, there are various types of different cathodes. An example of a cathode commonly used in electric vehicles, LiNMC-622, contains a large amount of cobalt. However, there are various challenges in using cobalt, such as its scarcity, high price, and environmental pollution. Hence, the development of lithium-nickel-manganese-aluminum (Li-NMA) batteries as an attempt to reduce the use of cobalt. There is one problem where the capacity of NMA is still lower than that of NMC. So, efforts were made to increase the capacity and performance of lithium ion batteries with carbon coating. However, the results obtained are still not optimal so nitrogen doping is carried out on the carbon layer to increase its conductivity. In this study, iNi0.9Mn0.07Al0.03O2 (Li-NMA) cathode was synthesized with carbon coating treatment doped with nitrogen using 10 wt% sucrose and tripolycyanamide composition variations of 2, 2.25, and 2.50 wt%. The cathode was synthesized by coprecipitation method in hydroxide ion solution using ammonia as chelating agent, then calcined at 800℃. Then the cathode material was treated with nitrogen-doped carbon coating and pyrolyzed at 650℃ in argon atmosphere for 6 hours. Tests were carried out using X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Cyclic voltametry and Galvanostatic Charge Discharge methods. The LiNMA 973 cathode synthesis results have a less suitable pattern because it tends to have a match with Lithium Nickel Oxide (reference number 00-023-0362). Then the results show the presence of high cation mixing. The LiNMA 973 cathode carbon coating results failed because lithium was not detected in the XRD results and was detected as nickel oxide with JCPDS reference no.01-089-7101. This indicates that the carbon coating method performed causes Lithium to be reduced so that it is not detected in the sample. TGA testing was carried out to determine the level of decomposed carbon in the sample. Based on the XRD results of LiNMA without carbon coating, there is cation mixing on the nickel lithium cathode. Cation mixing is a condition where Ni2+ ions are located in the position of the Li+ ion layer. This has a very bad effect on electrochemical performance and inhibits the movement of Li+ ions during the charge-discharge process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Baterai, Carbon Coating, Doping Nitrogen, Katoda, Kopresipitasi, Battery, Carbon Coating, Nitrogen-Doped, Cathode, Coprecipitation |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2921 Lithium cells. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2941 Storage batteries |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | MUHAMMAD NUR FAUZI |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jan 2025 01:59 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2025 04:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116679 |
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