Proses Biokonversi Sampah Sisa Makanan Oleh Larva Black Soldier Fly

Mahmud, Nadya Ul Haq (2025) Proses Biokonversi Sampah Sisa Makanan Oleh Larva Black Soldier Fly. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Timbulan sampah sisa makanan di Indonesia mencapai 41,05% dari total timbulan sampah dan terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Sampah sisa makanan yang dihasilkan perlu dilakukan pengolahan guna mengurangi dan mencegah dampak negatif pada lingkungan. Pengolahan sampah sisa makanan dapat dilakukan dengan cara biokonversi menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (LBSF). Proses biokonversi dapat menghasilkan produk bernilai ekonomi seperti biogas, kompos dan/atau pakan ternak. Kinerja LBSF dalam proses biokonversi sangat dipengaruhi oleh substrat dalam hal ini sampah sisa makanan, sehingga perlu untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas dan kuantitas substrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum proses biokonversi dengan menganalisis pengaruh sumber substrat, rasio komposisi dan laju pemberian substrat. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahapan. Tahapan pertama adalah menganalisis pengaruh variasi jenis sampah sisa makanan. Jenis sampah sisa makanan yang digunakan mencakup sisa ayam dan sisa ikan sebagai sumber protein, sisa nasi dan sisa roti sebagai sumber karbohidrat serta sisa kulit ayam dan sisa ampas kelapa sebagai sumber lemak. Tahapan kedua adalah menganalisis pengaruh variasi komposisi makronutrien sampah sisa makanan yang mencakup protein: karbohidrat: lemak. Variasi yang digunakan untuk protein: karbohidrat yaitu 30:70; 40:60; 50:50; 60:40; 70:30. Hasil rasio optimum protein: karbohidrat akan digunakan sebagai variasi protein: karbohidrat: lemak. Tahapan ketiga adalah menganalisis pengaruh variasi laju pemberian substrat. Variasi yang digunakan untuk laju pemberian substrat yaitu 20; 40; 60 mg/larva.3hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terbaik untuk proses biokonversi sampah sisa makanan menggunakan larva BSF adalah laju pemberian substrat 40 mg/larva.3hari, variasi sampah sisa ayam: sisa roti: sisa ampas kelapa (28:42:30) dengan berat akhir rata-rata 0,149 g/larva, laju pertumbuhan larva 25,52 mg/larva.hari, tingkat kelangsungan hidup 97,2%, indeks reduksi sampah 6,60% dan total reduksi 91,30%.
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Food waste generation in Indonesia reaches 41.05% of total waste generation and continues to increase every year. The resulting food waste needs to be processed to reduce and prevent negative impacts on the environment. Food waste processing can be done by bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly Larvae (LBSF). The bioconversion process can produce economically valuable products such as biogas, compost and/or animal feed. The performance of LBSF in the bioconversion process is greatly influenced by the substrate, in this case food waste, so it is necessary to optimize the quality and quantity of the substrate. This research aims to obtain optimum conditions for the bioconversion process by analyzing the influence of substrate source, composition ratio and substrate feeding rate.This research consisted of 3 stages. The first stage was to analyze the influence of variations in types of food waste. The types of food waste used include chicken waste and fish waste as a source of protein, rice waste and bread waste as a source of carbohydrates and chicken skin waste and coconut dregs waste as a source of lipid. The second stage was to analyze the effect of variations in the macronutrient composition of food waste which included protein: carbohydrates: lipid. The variations used for protein: carbohydrates were 30:70; 40:60; 50:50; 60:40; 70:30. The results of the optimum protein: carbohydrate ratio were used as a variation of protein:carbohydrate:lipid. The third stage was to analyze the effect of varying the feeding rate of substrate. The variations used for substrate feeding rate were 20; 40; 60 mg/larvae.The results showed that the best condition for the bioconversion process of food waste using BSF larvae was a substrate feeding rate of 40 mg/larvae.3days, a variation of chicken waste: bread waste: coconut dregs waste (28:42:30) with an average final weight of 0,149 g/larvae, larval growth rate 25,52 mg/larvae/day, survival rate 97,2%, waste reduction index 6,60% and toal reduction 91,30%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biokonversi, Laju pemberian substrat, Larva black soldier fly, Rasio komposisi, Sampah sisa makanan, Bioconversion, Black soldier fly larvae, Composition ratio, Feeding rate, Food waste
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.)
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Nadya Ul Haq Mahmud
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2025 07:23
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2025 07:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116744

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