Desain Proteksi Eksternal dan Internal terhadap Sambaran Petir pada PV Farm

Syahputra, Noval Bintang (2025) Desain Proteksi Eksternal dan Internal terhadap Sambaran Petir pada PV Farm. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain sistem proteksi petir eksternal dan internal pada PV Farm guna mengurangi risiko kerusakan akibat sambaran petir. Dengan area terbuka yang luas, PV Farm rentan terhadap induksi tegangan lebih yang dapat merusak peralatan seperti inverter dan panel surya. Sistem proteksi petir dirancang untuk memenuhi tingkat proteksi petir level IV, dengan metode protection angle menggunakan ketinggian terminasi udara sebesar 11 meter, radius proteksi 22,55 meter, dan sudut perlindungan 64 derajat. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa PV Farm awalnya tidak memiliki sistem down conductor dan sistem pentanahan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pemodelan down conductor sepanjang 11,5 meter dan desain grounding mesh berukuran 36 x 21 meter dengan 5 elektroda pentanahan sepanjang 2 meter dipasang 50 cm dibawah tanah untuk mendistribusikan arus petir ke tanah. Simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi disamakan potensial, tegangan induksi tertinggi yang masuk pada kabel output PV string dan kabel input inverter mencapai 3,585 kV, melebihi batas rating inverter sehingga berpotensi merusak peralatan. Namun, ketika rangkaian disamakan potensial dan dipasang Surge Protection Device (SPD) pada setiap kabel output PV, nilai tegangan induksi rata-rata turun sebesar 28,4%, dengan tegangan tertinggi hanya 1,245 kV, yang sudah berada di bawah batas toleransi inverter. Kondisi ini memastikan peralatan dan inverter aman dari kerusakan akibat sambaran petir. Dengan demikian, kombinasi grounding peralatan dan pemasangan SPD terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi tegangan induksi, dan meningkatkan perlindungan sistem PV Farm. ====================================================================================================================================
This study aims to design external and internal lightning protection systems for a PV Farm to reduce the risk of damage from lightning strikes. With a large open area, PV Farms are vulnerable to overvoltage induction, which can damage equipment such as inverters and solar panels. The lightning protection system is designed to meet Level IV protection standards using the protection angle method, with an air termination height of 11 meters, a protection radius of 22.55 meters, and a protection angle of 64 degrees. The evaluation results indicate that the PV Farm initially lacked a down conductor system and a grounding system. Therefore, a down conductor with a length of 11.5 meters and a grounding mesh design of 36 x 21 meters, with five grounding electrodes each 2 meters long, installed 50 cm below the ground, were implemented to distribute lightning current into the ground. Simulations show that under equipotential grounding conditions, the highest induced voltage entering the PV string output cable and the inverter input cable reached 3.585 kV, exceeding the inverter's rating limit and potentially damaging the equipment. However, when the system was equipotentially grounded and Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) were installed on each PV output cable, the average induced voltage decreased by 28.4%, with the highest voltage only 1.245 kV, which is within the inverter’s tolerance limit. This ensures that the equipment and inverters are protected from lightning damage. Therefore, the combination of equipment grounding and SPD installation has proven effective in reducing induced voltage and enhancing the protection of the PV Farm system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Proteksi Petir, PV Farm, Grounding Mesh, Surge Protection Device (SPD), Tegangan Induksi, Lightning Protection, PV Farm, Grounding Mesh, Surge Protection Device (SPD), Induced Voltage
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1056 Solar power plants. Ocean thermal power plants T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Noval Bintang Syahputra
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2025 07:35
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2025 07:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116753

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