Analisis Pengaruh Waktu Perendaman dan Konsentrasi Enzim Pepsin terhadap Rendemen Ekstraksi Kolagen dari Ikan Kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus)

Zachirulhaq, Zachri Attaka (2025) Analisis Pengaruh Waktu Perendaman dan Konsentrasi Enzim Pepsin terhadap Rendemen Ekstraksi Kolagen dari Ikan Kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kolagen dapat diekstrak dari marine sources dimana mempunyai kelebihan, seperti memiliki kandungan asam amino yang banyak dan ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, kolagen juga dapat diekstrak dari sapi dan babi. Namun, bagi penganut agama tertentu tidak diizinkan menggunakan kolagen dari sapi dan babi, sehingga kolagen yang berasal dari hewan laut dapat menjadi alternatif. Kolagen ini dapat diperoleh melalui metode ekstraksi kolagen, seperti PSC (Pepsin Soluble Collagen). Proses PSC menggunakan aktivitas enzim pepsin dalam pengekstraksian kolagen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil rendemen kolagen yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi kolagen hewan laut, yakni ikan kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus) dengan metode PSC. Adapun variabel komposisi enzim pepsin yang digunakan, yaitu 0.5, 1, dan 1.5%. dengan waktu perendaman selama 2, 4, dan 6 hari. Selanjutnya, hasil rendemen kolagen ikan kuniran dianalisis untuk menentukan komposisi kolagen yang dihasilkan. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa semua variasi memiliki 5 gugus fungsi utama kolagen tipe 1 dari pengujian FTIR dan SDS-PAGE, yaitu Amida A, Amida B, Amida I, Amida II, dan Amida III dan memiliki dua rantai α yang sejajar (α1 dan α2). Rendemen tertinggi sebesar 7.57% dicapai pada titik optimum dengan variasi waktu perendaman 6 hari dan konsentrasi enzim pepsin sebesar 1%. Nilai pH pada variasi tersebut bernilai 4.34 dimana semakin berkurangnya waktu perendaman dan semakin bertambahnya konsentrasi enzim pepsin, maka nilai pH yang dihasilkan semakin mendekati pH netral. Selanjutnya, kadar air dan kadar abu yang dihasilkan bernilai sebesar 8.27% dan 5.13% (sesuai standar SNI-8076:2020) secara berurutan, dengan temperatur denaturasi senilai 91.210C
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Collagen can be extracted from marine sources which have advantages, such as having a high amino acid content and being environmentally friendly. In addition, collagen can also be extracted from cows and pigs. However, for adherents of certain religions, it is not permitted to use collagen from cows and pigs, so collagen from marine animals can be an alternative. This collagen can be obtained through collagen extraction methods, such as PSC (Pepsin Soluble Collagen). The PSC process uses the activity of the pepsin enzyme in extracting collagen. This study aims to analyze the results of collagen yields obtained from the extraction of marine animal collagen, namely kuniran fish (Upeneus sulphureus) using the PSC method. The variable composition of the pepsin enzyme used was 0.5, 1, and 1.5%. with a soaking time of 2, 4, and 6 days. Furthermore, the results of the kuniran fish collagen yield were analyzed to determine the composition of the collagen produced. From this study, it was found that all variations have 5 main functional groups of type 1 collagen from FTIR and SDS-PAGE tests, namely Amide A, Amide B, Amide I, Amide II, and Amide III and have two parallel α chains (α1 and α2). The highest yield of 7.57% was achieved at the optimum point with a variation of soaking time of 6 days and a pepsin enzyme concentration of 1%. The pH value in this variation is 4.34 where the decreasing soaking time and increasing pepsin enzyme concentration, the resulting pH value is closer to neutral pH. Furthermore, the resulting water content and ash content are 8.27% and 5.13% (according to the SNI-8076:2020 standard) respectively, with a denaturation temperature of 91.210C.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Collagen, Pepsin Soluble Collagen, Upeneus sulphureus, Yield, Kolagen, Kuniran, Pepsin Soluble Collagen, Rendemen
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Zachri Attaka Zachirulhaq
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2025 07:56
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2025 07:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116764

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