Aplikasi Beton Porus Pada U-Ditch

Saputri, Salma Fenika (2025) Aplikasi Beton Porus Pada U-Ditch. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Drainase adalah elemen penting dalam pengelolaan air hujan dan limbah untuk mencegah banjir serta genangan air. Salah satu komponen utama dalam sistem ini adalah u-ditch, saluran beton pracetak berbentuk huruf 'U' yang mempermudah aliran air. U-ditch memiliki berbagai keunggulan seperti daya tahan terhadap lingkungan, kemudahan pemasangan, dan kecepatan produksi karena dibuat dengan metode pracetak. Namun, beton konvensional pada u-ditch masih memiliki tantangan, terutama untuk aplikasi non-struktural, karena berat yang tinggi mempengaruhi biaya transportasi, waktu pemasangan, serta kebutuhan alat berat. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, beton ringan (foam concrete) atau beton porus menjadi solusi inovatif yang dapat meningkatkan desain dan fungsi u-ditch, terutama untuk aplikasi non-struktural dengan berat jenis berkisar antara 400–1800 kg/m³.
Penelitian ini melalui empat tahap: pengumpulan dan pengujian material, perencanaan mix design, pembuatan dan pengujian benda uji, serta pembuatan dan pengujian u-ditch. Komposisi beton porus direncanakan dengan penambahan foam agent sebesar 15% dari volume mortar dan additive sebesar 0,5% dari berat semen. Pengujian beton porus dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi densitas, kuat tekan pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari mengacu pada (SNI 03-3449-2002), porositas mengacu pada (ASTM C 642), water absorption mengacu pada (ASTM C 1403 – 06), permeabilitas, dan pengujian gandar u-ditch pada umur 28 hari. Proses curing dilakukan dengan kain atau goni basah yang dibasahi setiap hari berturut-turut selama masa uji.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beton porus dengan densitas rata-rata 1663–1699 kg/m³ memenuhi kategori beton ringan di bawah 1850 kg/m³. Kuat tekan pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari masing-masing sebesar 13,47 MPa, 16,00 MPa, dan 17,67 MPa. Diperoleh fc’ sebesar 15 MPa. Porositas sebesar 21% dan water absorption pada interval 0,25, 1, 4, dan 24 jam masing-masing sebesar 14,3%, 23,2%, 47,7%, dan 104,5%. Nilai permeabilitas (kT) 0,325 × 10⁻¹⁶ m² menunjukkan kualitas beton kategori "Normal". Teoritis analisis menunjukkan momen kerja pada lantai dasar u-ditch dengan beban air, tanah, dan pejalan kaki sebesar 0,12 kN.m dan Mcr analisis 0,49 kN.m. Kapasitas lentur Mcr analisis lebih tinggi dibandingkan Mcr pengujian 0,196 kN.m, disebabkan mutu beton saat pembuatan u-ditch tidak mencapai target minimal 17,24 MPa, namun fc’ u-ditch sebesar 3,56 MPa. U-ditch beton porus memiliki selisih harga lebih murah sebesar 16%. Namun, kapasitas beban u-ditch ini tidak memenuhi standar mutu yang diharapkan. Diharapkan u-ditch beton porus menghasilkan beton ringan yang memenuhi kriteria untuk aplikasi non-struktural, ramah lingkungan, dan ekonomis.
Kata kunci: U-ditch, Beton porus, Foam agent , Densitas, Kuat tekan
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Drainage is a crucial element in stormwater and waste management to prevent flooding and waterlogging. A key component of this system is the U-ditch, a U-shaped precast concrete channel that aids in water flow. U-ditches have several advantages, including environmental durability, ease of installation, and quick production due to the precast method. However, traditional concrete U-ditches present challenges, particularly for non-structural applications, as their high weight affects transportation costs, installation time, and the need for heavy equipment. To address these challenges, lightweight concrete (foam concrete) or porous concrete offers an innovative solution that can enhance the design and function of U-ditches, especially for non-structural applications with specific gravities ranging from 400 to 1800 kg/m³.
This study involved four stages: material collection and testing, mix design planning, manufacturing and testing of specimens, and manufacturing and testing of U-ditches. The porous concrete mix included a foam agent at 15% of the mortar volume and an additive at 0.5% of the cement weight. Testing of the porous concrete evaluated density, compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days (following SNI 03-3449-2002), porosity (following ASTM C 642), water absorption (following ASTM C 1403 - 06), permeability, and axle testing of the U-ditch at 28 days. The curing process involved using a wet cloth or burlap, which was wetted daily during the testing period.
The results showed that porous concrete with an average density of 1,663 to 1,699 kg/m³ falls within the lightweight concrete category (less than 1,850 kg/m³). The compressive strengths at 7, 14, and 28 days were 13.47 MPa, 16.00 MPa, and 17.67 MPa, respectively, with an fc' of 15 MPa. Porosity was 21%, and water absorption over 0.25, 1, 4, and 24 hours was 14.3%, 23.2%, 47.7%, and 104.5%, respectively. The permeability value (kT) of 0.325 × 10⁻¹⁶ m² falls within the "Normal" category for concrete quality. Theoretical analysis showed that the working moment at the ground floor of the U-ditch with water, soil, and pedestrian loads was 0.12 kN.m, while the analytical Mcr was 0.49 kN.m. The flexural capacity of the analytical Mcr was higher than the testing Mcr of 0.196 kN.m, mainly because the concrete quality did not reach the minimum target of 17.24 MPa, resulting in an fc' of 3.56 MPa. Porous concrete U-ditches demonstrated a 16% cost reduction. However, the load capacity of this U-ditch did not meet the expected quality standards. It is anticipated that porous concrete U-ditches will provide lightweight, non-structural, environmentally friendly, and economical applications.

Keywords: U-ditch, Porous concrete, Foam agent, Density, Compressive strength

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	U-ditch, Beton porus, Foam agent , Densitas, Kuat tekan Porous concrete, Foam agent, Density, Compressive strength
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA439 Lightweight concrete. High strength concrete.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	SALMA FENIKA SAPUTRI
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2025 01:46
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2025 01:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116922

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