Pengelolaan Sungai Berbasis Risiko: Studi Kasus Sungai Pocong Kabupaten Bangakalan

Putri, Nur Andini Eka Rani (2025) Pengelolaan Sungai Berbasis Risiko: Studi Kasus Sungai Pocong Kabupaten Bangakalan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Wilayah sungai ialah wilayah daratan yang mencakup sungai dan anak-anak sungainya, berfungsi untuk menampung, menyimpan, dan mengalirkan air hujan ke danau atau laut secara alami. Di Kabupaten Bangkalan, Sungai Pocong memainkan peran penting dalam ekosistem lokal. Sungai ini dipakai bagi bermacam kebutuhan, misalnya irigasi, industri, dan konsumsi rumah tangga. Bagian hulu Sungai Pocong, yang tergolong dalam kelas I, dipakai untuk air minum dan rekreasi, lalu bagian hilir, dalam kelas II, dipakai untuk budidaya ikan dan pengairan tanaman. Namun, dengan meningkatnya aktivitas manusia, kualitas air Sungai Pocong menurun akibat pencemaran dari limbah domestik, pertanian, dan industri, yang menimbulkan risiko terhadap kesehatan masyarakat, degradasi ekosistem, dan keberlanjutan sumber daya air. Penelitian ini menggunakan software MIKE21 untuk memodelkan kualitas air dan mengidentifikasi risiko-risiko utama dalam pengelolaan sungai guna mendukung strategi mitigasi yang efektif sesuai dengan pendekatan pengelolaan sungai berbasis risiko. Studi ini tujuannya guna memodelkan kualitas Sungai Pocong bagian hulu kelas I dan bagian hilir kelas II, mengidentifikasi risiko pada penurunan baku mutu Sungai Pocong serta program minimalisasi risiko Sungai Pocong sesuai hasil identifikasi risiko. Metode yang dipakai di studi ini ialah pemodelan kualitas air Sungai memakai software MIKE 21, identifikasi risko memakai metode tulang ikan (Fishbone) dan program minimalisasi risiko Sungai Pocong sesuai hasil identifikasi risiko memakai AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari pengujian kualitas air Sungai Pocong pada tiga skenario pemodelan menunjukkan kualitas air Sungai Pocong Kabupaten Bangkalan tergolong pada kualitas air kelas II, tetapi pada beberapa segmen sungai mulai mendekati kelas III. Simulasi skenario menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan konsentrasi limbah domestik, industri dan pertanian dapat meningkatkan kualitas air secara signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis risiko menggunakan metode tulang ikan (Fishbone), faktor utama yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air meliputi limbah domestik, limbah industri, limbah pertanian, pengelolaan sampah yang buruk, serta erosi dan sedimentasi. Berdasarkan analisis Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan metode pairwise comparison, sub-tujuan utama yang dihasilkan adalah biaya operasional dan biaya pemeliharaan dengan nilai prioritas 60,8%. Program alternatif yang direkomendasikan meliputi pembangunan IPAL Terpadu dengan nilai prioritas 43,6%.
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A river basin is a land area that includes a river and its tributaries, functioning to collect, store, and channel rainwater naturally into lakes or seas. In Bangkalan Regency, the Pocong River plays a vital role in the local ecosystem. This river is utilized for various needs, such as irrigation, industry, and household consumption. The upstream section of the Pocong River, classified as Class I, is used for drinking water and recreation, while the downstream section, classified as Class II, is used for fish farming and agricultural irrigation. However, with increasing human activities, the water quality of the Pocong River has deteriorated due to pollution from domestic, agricultural, and industrial waste, posing risks to public health, ecosystem degradation, and the sustainability of water resources. This study employs the MIKE21 software to model water quality and identify key risks in river management to support effective mitigation strategies based on a risk-based river management approach. This research aims to model the water quality of the Pocong River in the upstream Class I and downstream Class II sections, identify risks to the decline in the Pocong River's water quality standards, and develop a risk minimization program for the Pocong River based on the identified risks. The methods used in this study include water quality modeling of the river using MIKE21 software, risk identification using the Fishbone method, and the development of a risk minimization program for the Pocong River based on the identified risks using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of the study showed that from testing the water quality of the Pocong River in three modeling scenarios, the water quality of the Pocong River in Bangkalan Regency was classified as class II water quality, but in several river segments it began to approach class III. Scenario simulations showed that reducing concentration of domestic, industrial and agricultural waste could significantly improve water quality. Based on the results of the risk analysis using the Fishbone method, the main factors causing a decline in water quality include domestic waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste, poor waste management, and erosion and sedimentation. Based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis using the pairwise comparison method, the main sub-objectives produced were operational costs and maintenance costs with a priority value of 60.8%. The recommended alternative program includes the construction of an Integrated Wastewater Treatment Plant with a priority value of 43.6%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Analisis Risiko, Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP), Diagram Fishbone, MIKE 21, Sungai Pocong Risk Analysis, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fishbone Diagram, MIKE 21, Pocong River
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Nur Andini Eka Rani Putri
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2025 22:59
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2025 22:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/116965

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