Pengaruh Tekanan Air dan Kebocoran Pipa terhadap Aliran Air Pipa Distribusi

Khalishah, Ghina Shofiyya (2025) Pengaruh Tekanan Air dan Kebocoran Pipa terhadap Aliran Air Pipa Distribusi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistem distribusi air bersih memerlukan tekanan aliran yang sesuai kriteria agar pengalirannya optimal. Namun pada kenyataannya, tekanan aliran dalam pipa distribusi air bersih ini masih belum memenuhi kriteria minimum standar tekanan yang telah ditetapkan pada SNI 7509:2011. Salah satu faktor penyebab rendahnya tekanan aliran pada pipa distribusi air bersih adalah adanya kehilangan air fisik atau kebocoran pada pipa distribusi. Terdapat berbagai macam jenis dan lokasi kebocoran yang berpengaruh pada penurunan tekanan pada pipa distribusi air bersih. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan instalasi perpipaan loop dengan diameter 1 inch sepanjang 12 dan diberikan tiga variasi tekanan awal aliran sesuai dengan kriteria. Kemudian, pada instalasi tersebut diberikan 4 jenis kebocoran yang berupa lubang kecil, lubang sedang, pecah horisontal, dan pecah vertikal. Keempat variasi kebocoran tersebut akan didistribusikan pada beberapa lokasi kebocoran. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan air terhadap debit aliran air pipa distribusi yang mengalami kebocoran dan pengaruh lokasi dan jenis kebocoran pipa distribusi terhadap tekanan dan debit aliran air di dalamnya. Melalui penelitian ini, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa semakin besar tekanan awal yang diberikan akan semakin kecil debit aliran yang dihasilkan. Signifikansi debit variasi kebocoran semakin kecil saat tekanan awal yang diberikan semakin besar. Sementara untuk kehilangan tekanannya, nilai persentase signifikansi yang didapatkan semakin besar saat tekanan awal yang diberikan semakin besar. Kemudian pada variasi kebocoran lubang di lokasi yang berbeda, perbedaan persebaran lokasi kebocoran pada instalasi perpipaan memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap signifikansi debit aliran air. Hal ini memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap pola signifikansi peningkatan nilai kehilangan tekanan aliran air. Sementara itu, untuk variasi kebocoran pecah beda arah di satu lokasi, debit kebocoran yang keluar pada pipa pecah lebih besar saat arahnya berlawanan dengan arah aliran. Hal ini terjadi karena air dalam aliran semakin ditekan untuk melalui lintasan yang mengalami kebocoran, sehingga air yang keluar akan semakin banyak.
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A clean water distribution system requires a flow pressure that meets the criteria for optimal flow. However, in reality, the flow pressure in the clean water distribution pipe still does not meet the minimum criteria for pressure standards set in SNI 7509:2011. One of the factors causing low flow pressure in clean water distribution pipes is physical water loss or leaks in the distribution pipes. There are various types and locations of leaks which affect the pressure drop in clean water distribution pipes. This research utilized a loop piping installation with a diameter of 1 inch along 12 lengths and three variations of initial flow pressure were given according to the criteria. Then, in this installation, 4 types of leaks are given, namely small holes, medium holes, horizontal ruptures and vertical ruptures. The four leak variations will be distributed to several leak locations. The analysis was carried out to determine the effect of water pressure on the water flow rate of distribution pipes that experience leaks and the influence of the location and type of distribution pipe leaks on the pressure and water flow rate in them. Through this research, it was concluded that the greater the initial pressure applied, the smaller the flow rate produced. The significance of variations in leakage discharge becomes smaller when the initial pressure applied is greater. Meanwhile, for pressure loss, the significance percentage value obtained is greater when the initial pressure applied is greater. Then, with variations in hole leaks in different locations, differences in the distribution of leak locations in piping installations have a big influence on the significance of water flow discharge. This has a big influence on the significant pattern of increasing water flow pressure loss values. Meanwhile, for variations in burst leaks in different directions at one location, the leakage discharge that comes out of the burst pipe is greater when the direction is opposite to the direction of flow. This happens because the water in the flow is increasingly pressured to pass through the leaking path, so that more and more water comes out.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air Bersih, Debit Aliran, Kebocoran, Pipa Distribusi, Tekanan Aliran, Clean Water, Distribution Pipes, Flow Pressure, Flow Rate, Leaks.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD481 Water distribution systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ghina Shofiyya Khalishah
Date Deposited:	01 Feb 2025 09:14
Last Modified:	01 Feb 2025 09:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/117112

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