Pengembangan Alat Modifikasi Ekstraksi-Distilasi Pada Proses Oil Recovery Dari Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE)

Amalina, Rifda (2025) Pengembangan Alat Modifikasi Ekstraksi-Distilasi Pada Proses Oil Recovery Dari Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan konsumsi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) di Indonesia menyebabkan makin tingginya produksi CPO yang pada tahap pemurniannya melibatkan proses bleaching untuk mengurangi warna CPO dan menghilangkan kotoran, getah, dan asam lemak bebas menggunakan bleaching earth. Proses ini menyebabkan penumpukan limbah utama Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) yang masih mengandung sekitar 17,61% minyak nabati. Untuk mengurangi kandungan minyak dalam SBE, dapat dilakukan proses ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut dengan mengintegrasikan ekstraksi dan pemisahan pelarut menjadi satu kesatuan alat sehingga proses ekstraksi minyak dari SBE serta pemisahan recovered oil (R-Oil) dan recovered solvent (R-Solvent) dapat dilakukan secara kontinyu. Pelarut yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu n-heksana teknis dan kondensat (C5+) dengan rasio massa SBE:volume pelarut 1:6 dan 1:8. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan durasi 1,2,3, dan 4 jam menggunakan 2 jenis konfigurasi alat modifikasi. Pada alat konfigurasi 1 recovery minyak terbesar yaitu 75,98% oleh variabel kondensat 1:8 4 jam serta R-Solvent terbanyak sebesar 86,4% oleh n-heksana 1:8 1 jam. Pada alat konfigurasi 2 recovery minyak terbesar yaitu 96,4% oleh kondensat rasio 1:8 waktu 4 jam serta R-Solvent terbanyak sebesar 64,99% oleh n-heksana rasio 1:8 waktu 1 jam. Analisa GC-MS pada R-Solvent dilakukan dan menunjukkan tidak ada minyak yang terkandung, serta dilakukan analisa untuk mengukur kadar minyak pada De-OBE yang menunjukkan pada alat konfigurasi 2 kadar minyak di bawah 3% sehingga tidak tergolong limbah B3.
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The increasing consumption of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in Indonesia has led to a rise in CPO production, where the refining process involves bleaching to reduce the color of CPO and eliminate impurities, gums, and free fatty acids using bleaching earth. This process generates Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) as a primary waste material, which still contains approximately 17.61% vegetable oil. To reduce the oil content in SBE, an extraction process using solvents can be employed by integrating the extraction and solvent separation into a single apparatus. This allows for continuous extraction of oil from SBE while simultaneously recovering both the extracted oil (R-Oil) and the recovered solvent (R-Solvent).The solvents used in this study were technical-grade n-hexane and condensate (C5+) with SBE-to-solvent mass-to-volume ratios of 1:6 and 1:8. The extraction process was conducted for durations of 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours using two modified apparatus configurations. In apparatus configuration 1, the highest oil recovery was 75.98%, achieved with condensate at a 1:8 ratio and a 4-hour extraction time, while the highest R-Solvent recovery was 86.4%, achieved with n-hexane at a 1:8 ratio and a 1-hour extraction time. In apparatus configuration 2, the highest oil recovery was 96.4%, achieved with condensate at a 1:8 ratio and a 4-hour extraction time, while the highest R-Solvent recovery was 64.99%, achieved with n-hexane at a 1:8 ratio and a 1-hour extraction time. GC-MS analysis of the R-Solvent confirmed the absence of oil residues, while further analysis showed that the oil content in De-Oiled Bleaching Earth (De-OBE) using apparatus configuration 2 was below 3%, classifying it as non-hazardous waste.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Alat Integrasi Ekstraksi-Distilasi; De-Oiled Bleaching Earth; Oil Recovery; Recovered solvent; Spent Bleaching Earth; De-Oiled Bleaching Earth; Integrated Extraction-Distillation Apparatus; Oil Recovery; Recovered Solvent; Spent Bleaching Earth
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Rifda Amalina
Date Deposited:	03 Feb 2025 09:33
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2025 09:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/117789

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