Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Optimasi Produksi Lipase Jamur Pelapuk Kayu Sebagai Katalis Transesterifikasi Minyak Jelantah Untuk Produksi Biodiesel

Fitriani, Aprilia Dyah (2025) Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Optimasi Produksi Lipase Jamur Pelapuk Kayu Sebagai Katalis Transesterifikasi Minyak Jelantah Untuk Produksi Biodiesel. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Lipase merupakan enzim yang dapat mengkatalis ikatan ester yang terdapat dalam triasilgliserida menjadi asam lemak dan gliserol. Lipase berasal dari makhluk hidup baik itu hewan, tumbuhan maupun mikroorganisme seperti bakteri, dan jamur. Potensi aktivitas lipolitik dari jamur dapat bermanfaat melalui proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah menjadi bahan bakar biodiesel. Mayoritas, masyarakat indonesia mengkonsumsi minyak kelapa sawit sehingga limbah minyak mudah diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis jamur pelapuk kayu yang berpotensi, mengetahui kondisi optimum produksi lipase dengan variasi pH, konsentrasi substrat dan suhu inkubasi, serta mengetahui kandungan gliserol dalam produk biodiesel. Hasil seleksi jamur aktivitas lipolitik dari 6 isolat jamur pelapuk kayu, dengan isolat pembanding dari wadah minyak jelantah, dan isolat Trichoderma sp. diperoleh 1 isolat berpotensi yaitu isolat M12 teridentifikasi sebagai Trametes sp. Kondisi optimum untuk produksi lipase Trametes sp. dianalisa dengan pendekatan RSM (Respond Surface Methodology) pada respon aktivitas crude lipase tertinggi yaitu pH 7, suhu inkubasi 40oC, dan kosentrasi substrat 12,72% sebesar 282,25 U/ml. Pemurnian lipase diperoleh aktivitas spesifik sebesar 545,93 U/mg digunakan sebagai katalis transesterifikasi minyak jelantah dan metanol (3:1). Faktor sumber minyak jelantah rumah tangga, pedagang gorengan, dan pedagang ayam goreng, serta faktor jumlah dosis lipase 5%, 10%, dan 15% yang digunakan dalam produksi biodiesel diperoleh kandungan gliserol tertinggi pada dosis lipase 10% dengan minyak jelantah pedagang ayam goreng yaitu 30%.
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Lipase is an enzyme that can catalyze ester bonds contained in triacylglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. Lipase comes from living things, be it animals, plants or microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The potential lipolytic activity of fungi can be utilized through the transesterification process of used cooking oil into biodiesel fuel. The majority of Indonesian people consume palm oil so that waste oil is easily obtained. This study aims to determine the potential types of wood-rotting fungi, determine the optimum conditions for lipase production with variations in pH, substrate concentration and incubation temperature, and determine the glycerol content in biodiesel products. The results of fungal selection of lipolytic activity from 6 isolates of wood-rotting fungi, with comparison isolates from used cooking oil containers, and isolates of Trichoderma sp. obtained 1 potential isolate, namely isolate M12 which identification is Trametes sp. production optimization was analyzed with the RSM (Respond Surface Methodology) approach on the response of the highest crude lipase activity at pH 7, incubation temperature of 40oC, and substrate concentration of 12.72% at 282.25 U/ml. Purification of lipase resulted in a specific activity of 545.93 U/mg used as a catalyst for the transesterification of used cooking oil and methanol (3:1). The source factor of used cooking oil from household waste oil, fritters street food, and fried chicken street food, as well as the factor of the amount of lipase dosage of 5%, 10%, and 15% used in biodiesel production, obtained the highest glycerol content at 10% lipase dosage with used cooking oil from fried chicken street food, which was 30%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel, Jamur pelapuk kayu, Lipase, Minyak jelantah, Response Surface Methodology, Wood-decay fungi, Used cooking oil
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Aprilia Dyah Fitriani
Date Deposited:	04 Feb 2025 03:30
Last Modified:	04 Feb 2025 03:30
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118080

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