Fernandes, Fernandes (2025) Pemilihan Alternatif Instalasi Regasifikasi Gas Alam Cair. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, permintaan domestik terhadap gas alam Indonesia cenderung terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Hal ini seiring dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sektor industri dan kebutuhan energi domestik. Gas alam yang dihasilkan dari sumur minyak dan gas, pada umumnya terletak di berbagai wilayah yang jauh dari konsumen sehingga pendistribusiannya terkendala oleh terbatasnya ketersediaan infrastruktur transportasi dan jarak yang cukup jauh. Salah satu cara untuk mempermudah pendistribusian dan penyimpanan dalam volume besar secara aman dan berbiaya murah maka gas alam tersebut perlu diubah sementara menjadi gas alam cair (LNG) melalui proses liquefaction. Selanjutnya gas alam cair (LNG) tersebut diubah kembali menjadi gas alam melalui proses regasifikasi untuk digunakan dalam berbagai kebutuhan, seperti industri, pembangkit listrik, dan rumah tangga. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, terdapat berbagai pilihan teknologi regasifikasi diantaranya: Open Rack Vaporizer (ORV), Submerged Combustion Vaporizers (SCV), Plate Heat Exchangers (PHE), Electric Vaporizers, Ambient Air Vaporizer. Masing-masing teknologi tersebut memiliki berbagai karakteristik, keunggulan, dan kelemahan yang perlu dipertimbangkan secara mendalam oleh pembuat keputusan dalam memastikan keberlanjutan, efisiensi, dan efektivitas pengelolaan instalasi tersebut didalam menjamin kelancaran distribusi gas alam. Beberapa pertimbangan tersebut meliputi, teknis: kapasitas, keandalan, dan kemudahan operasi dan pertimbangan ekonomis: biaya investasi dan biaya operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memilih alternatif terbaik atas instalasi regasifikasi gas alam cair (LNG) guna mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan energi yang layak baik secara teknis dan ekonomis. Penelitian ini akan lebih berorientasi pada pendapat-pendapat para ahli di dalam perusahaan yang memiliki banyak pengalaman di bidangnya. Pendapat para ahli dihimpun dengan metode Delphi untuk memperoleh konsesus. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang merupakan salah satu metodologi dalam pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria dipilih di dalam penelitian ini. Adapun kriteria-kriteria yang digunakan meliputi aspek teknis (konsumsi energi, efisiensi transfer panas dan keandalan), ekonomis (biaya investasi dan biaya operasional), lingkungan (dampak terhadap ekosistem dan potensi kebocoran bahan kimia). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process cukup akurat didalam menentukan pilihan instalasi regasifikasi gas alam cair dan jatuh pada pilihan dengan prioritas bobot tertinggi sebesar 0.3605 yaitu Ambient Air Vapourizer menyisihkan alternatif-alternatif teknologi instalasi regasifikasi lainnya.
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In recent years, domestic demand for natural gas has increased in Indonesia. This is inline with the growth and development of the industrial sector and domestic energy needs. Natural gas from the oil and gas wells is mostly located in remote areas and far from the consumer and customer. Therefore, the distribution process is hindered by limited of transportation infrastructure and long distances. One way to ease the distribution process and enable safe, cost-competitive, and large-capacity storage is by converting natural gas into liquefied natural gas (LNG) through the liquefaction process. Subsequently, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) is regasified through the regasification process for various application, such as industry, power plants and households. In conjunction with the technological development, there are various options for regasification technology such as Open Rack Vaporizer (ORV), Submerged Combustion Vaporizers (SCV), Plate Heat Exchangers (PHE), Electric Vaporizers, and Ambient Air Vaporizer. Each technology has various characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses that must be carefully considered by the decision maker to ensure the sustainability, efficiency, and effectiveness of the plant in ensuring smooth distribution of the natural gas. Some of the considerations include technical aspects: such as capacity, reliability, and ease of operation as well as economic factors: such as cost of investment and operational cost. This research focuses on analyzing and selecting the best alternatif of LNG regasification installation to support the feasible energy demand in terms of technical and economic aspects. This research will be more oriented toward the opinions of experts within the company who have extensive experience in their field. The experts' opinions are gathered using the Delphi method to reach a consensus. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi criteria decision making methodology, is selected for this research. The criteria used in this research include technical aspects (energy consumption, heat transfer efficiency, and reliability), economic aspects (investment and operational costs), and environmental aspects (impact on ecosystems and potential chemical leakage). The research results indicate that the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is sufficiently accurate in determining the selection of liquified natural gas regasification installations. The highest priority weight of 0.3605 falls on the Ambient Air Vaporizer, surpassing other regasification technology alternatives.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Delphi, Gas Alam Cair, Metode Regasifikasi, Transportasi, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Regasification Methods, Transportation |
Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems |
Divisions: | Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT) |
Depositing User: | Fernandes Fernandes |
Date Deposited: | 04 Feb 2025 06:21 |
Last Modified: | 04 Feb 2025 06:21 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118111 |
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