Sintesis Hazenite dari Bittern sebagai Sumber Magnesium dan Natrium

Meko, Flavianus P. H. (2025) Sintesis Hazenite dari Bittern sebagai Sumber Magnesium dan Natrium. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Struvite adalah kristal magnesium amonium fosfat heksahidrat MAP yang memiliki potensi signifikan dalam pertanian sebagai pupuk pelepas lambat. Struvite dan turunannya, seperti Hazenite, Struvite-K, dan Struvite-Na, dapat terbentuk melalui reaksi kimia tertentu. Hazenite, mineral baru yang ditemukan dalam kelompok struvite, mengandung dua kation monovalen (Na+ dan K+) dan dapat diterapkan dalam pertanian dan ortopedi. Hazenite memiliki struktur ortorombik dan berat formula 276,331 g/mol. Mineral ini pertama kali ditemukan di Mono Lake, California, dan dinamai untuk menghormati Robert M. Hazen. Hazenite terbentuk secara biologis oleh mikroba yang mengendapkan kristal ini ketika kadar fosfor di lingkungan meningkat. Pengendapan struvite dan turunannya membutuhkan magnesium, yang dapat bersumber dari alternatif seperti Bittern, produk sampingan dari produksi garam. Dalam penelitian ini Bittern yang digunakan berasal dari daerah Wini, Kecamatan Insana Utara, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Bittern yang digunakan mempunyai kandungan magnesium dan natrium yang cukup tinggi sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai sumber magnesium dan natrium untuk sintesis Hazenite. Studi ini berhasil mensintesis Hazenite dari Bittern sebagai sumber magnesium dan natrium. Karakterisasi XRD mengungkapkan bahwa Hazenite adalah fase dominan dalam sampel, dengan bentuk tubular memanjang yang terdeteksi melalui FESEM-EDX. Hasil FTIR menunjukan bahwa didalam sampel terdapat vibrasi peregangan dan pembengkokan H-O-H dan vibrasi v1 dan v4 dari PO4. Hasil Metodologi Permukaan Respon (RSM) dengan Desain Box-Behnken (BBD) menunjukan kondisi optimal untuk produksi Hazenite diidentifikasi pada: pH 11,0 – 11,5, waktu reaksi 45 - 50 menit, dan rasio molar Mg:Na:PO4 1:1:1 – 1,2:1,2:1 atau 1,8:1,8:1 – 2:2:1. Kondisi ini menghasilkan persentase fasa Hazenite tertinggi (>95%).
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Struvite is a magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate MAP crystal with significant potential in agriculture as a slow-release fertilizer. Struvite and its derivatives, such as Hazenite, Struvite-K, and Struvite-Na, can form through specific chemical reactions. Hazenite, a newly discovered mineral in the struvite group, contains two monovalent cations (Na+ and K+) and can be applied in agriculture and orthopedics. Hazenite has an orthorhombic structure and a formula weight of 276.331 g/mol. This mineral was first discovered in Mono Lake, California, and named in honor of Robert M. Hazen. Hazenite forms biologically by microbes that precipitate this crystal when phosphorus levels in the environment increase. The precipitation of struvite and its derivatives requires magnesium, which can be sourced from alternatives like Bittern, a byproduct of salt production. In this study, the Bittern used was sourced from Wini, Insana Utara District, North Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The Bittern used has a high content of magnesium and sodium, making it suitable as a source of magnesium and sodium for Hazenite synthesis. This study successfully synthesized Hazenite from Bittern as a source of magnesium and sodium. XRD characterization revealed that Hazenite is the dominant phase in the sample, with a tubular elongated shape detected through FESEM-EDX. FTIR results showed the presence of H-O-H stretching and bending vibrations, and v1 and v4 vibrations of PO4 in the sample. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) results showed that the optimal conditions for Hazenite production were identified at pH 11.0 – 11.5, reaction time 45 - 50 minutes, and Mg:Na:PO4 molar ratios of 1:1:1 – 1.2:1.2:1 or 1.8:1.8:1 – 2:2:1. These conditions yielded the highest Hazenite phase percentage (>95%).

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Hazenite, Bittern, fosfor, Magnesium, Natrium, Hazenite, Bittern, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Sodium.
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc.
Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD905.2 Crystals.
Divisions: Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User: Flavianus P H Meko
Date Deposited: 05 Feb 2025 01:26
Last Modified: 05 Feb 2025 01:26
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118223

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