Mardanus, Billy Ahmad (2025) Studi Numerik Karakteristik Aerodinamik Terhadap Pengaruh Pemasangan Rear Flap Pada Model Kendaraan Bus Penumpang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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02111940000167-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 April 2027. Download (4MB) |
Abstract
Mobilitas masyarakat semakin meningkat pada zaman modern ini. Sehingga kebutuhan pada alat transportasi dan bahan bakar minyak pun meningkat. Bahan bakar minyak merupakan komoditas dunia dan dibutuhkan semua kalangan masyarakat.. Dalam era yang semakin maju ini, mobilitas masyarakat semakin meningkat. Sehingga kebutuhan akan alat transportasi massal dan bahan bakar minyak pun meningkat. Antara 2018-2012, jumlah bus terus bertambah sekitar 2.23% di Indonesia. Konsumsi energi untuk transportasi menyatakan bahwa 73% disumbang oleh kendaraan darat dan 4% adalah milik bus. Keadaan demikian memunculkan tantangan dalam hal penghematan bahan bakar, jarak tempuh yang lebih jauh dan performa kendaraan yang lebih baik serta emisi karbon yang lebih rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan performa kendaraan adalah dengan mengoptimalkan gaya drag dan lift pada kendaraan, yaitu dengan pemasangan rear flap pada bodi belakang kendaraan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode simulasi numerik menggunakan software ANSYS FLUENT 2022 R1 dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu pre-processing, processing, dan post processing. Penelitian ini menggunakan model dengan geometri tiga dimensi dari bus penumpang menggunakan model Realizable k-ε. Variasi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah menambahkan geometri berupa penambahan rear flap pada bagian belakang bus pada bagian belakang bis. Selain itu juga terdapat panjang dari flap yaitu 625mm dan variasi sudut flap 15°, 18°, 20°. Dari penelitian terdahulu dapat dilihat bahwa penambahan rear flap dapat menunda terjadinya separasi aliran. Selain itu juga dapat mengarahkan aliran sehingga wake yang dibuat tidak besar sehingga tidak adanya kehilangan tekanan. Perubahan geometri dapat mengoptimalisasi aerodinamika kendaraan pada bis terutama koefisien drag dan Lift, Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan reduksi hasil Cd dari masing-masing variasi sudut 15°,18 dan 20 berturut -turut 1,543%; 1,568%; dan 0,981% sedangkan reduksi nilai Cl berturut-turut sebesar 52,934%; 65,422%; dan 83,425%. Selain itu didapatkan hasil penghematan bahan bakar dari masing masing variasi berturt-turut 0,103 l/h; 0,105 l/h; dan 0,065 l/h dan pengurangan emisi CO2 berturut-turut 0,872 ton/tahun; 0,887 ton/tahun; dan 0,555 ton/tahun.
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Community mobility is increasing in this modern era. So the need for transportation equipment and fuel oil also increases. Fuel oil is a world commodity and is needed by all levels of society. In this increasingly advanced era, people's mobility is increasing. So the need for mass transportation and fuel oil increases. Between 2018-2012, the number of buses continued to increase by around 2.23% in Indonesia. Energy consumption for transportation states that 73% is contributed by land vehicles and 4% belongs to buses. This situation raises challenges in terms of fuel savings, longer distances, reduction in carbon emission and better vehicle performance. One way to improve vehicle performance is to optimize the drag and lift forces on the vehicle, namely by installing a rear flap on the rear body of the vehicle. This research was carried out using a numerical simulation method using ANSYS FLUENT 2022 R1 software with three stages, namely pre-processing, processing and post processing. This research uses a three-dimensional geometric model of a passenger bus using the Realizable k-ε model. The variation carried out in this research was adding geometry in the form of adding a rear flap to the rear of the bus. Apart from that, there are also variations in the length of the flap which is 625mm and flap angles of 15°, 18°, 20°. From previous research it can be seen that the addition of a rear flap can delay flow separation. Apart from that, it can also direct the flow so that the wake created is not large so there is no pressure loss. Changes in geometry can optimize vehicle aerodynamics on buses, especially drag and lift coefficients, From the research results, it was found that the reduction in Cd results from each angle variation of 15°, 18° and 20° respectively was 1.543%; 1.568%; and 0.981% while the reduction in Cl values respectively was 52.934%; 65.422%; and 83.425%. Apart from that, the fuel savings results obtained from each variation were 0.103 l/h respectively; 0.105 l/h; and 0.065 l/h and a reduction in CO2 emissions of 0.872 tons/year respectively; 0.887 tons/year; and 0.555 tons/year.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | bus, drag coefficient, lift coefficient, penghematan bahan bakar, rear flap, reduksi emisi gas CO2.bus, drag coefficient, lift coefficient, fuel savings, rear flap, reduction of CO2 gas emissions. |
Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL521 Aerodynamics, Hypersonic. |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Billy Ahmad Mardanus |
Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2025 09:30 |
Last Modified: | 05 Feb 2025 09:30 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118259 |
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