Pengaruh Penambahan Syngas Hasil Gasifikasi Pelet Msw Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel

Muharram, Luthfi Nur (2025) Pengaruh Penambahan Syngas Hasil Gasifikasi Pelet Msw Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan energi saat ini semakin meningkat, sehingga dibutuhkan adanya energi terbarukan. Biomassa merupakan salah satu energi yang saat ini sudah mulai banyak dikembangkan, salah satu pengembangan biomassa menjadi energi terbarukan dapat dilakukan melalui proses gasifikasi. Gasifikasi adalah proses konversi bahan bakar padat (biomassa) menjadi syngas. Gas hasil gasifikasi berupa syngas nantinya dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan bakar mesin diesel. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan mesin diesel dengan sistem single fuel dan dual fuel. Tujuan mesin diesel dijalankan dengan sistem single fuel dan dual fuel adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan bahan bakar diesel saat mesin diesel dijalankan dengan single fuel dan saat mesin dijalankan dengan sistem dual fuel dengan bahan bakar diesel serta bahan bakar gas. Sistem diesel dual fuel dioperasikan menggunakan dua jenis bahan bakar yaitu bahan bakar diesel dan bahan bakar gas. Bahan bakar gas yang digunakan berupa syngas hasil gasifikasi pelet MSW. Karakterisasi unjuk kerja mesin diesel sistem dual fuel dilakukan dengan pengujian mesin diesel pada putaran 3000 rpm dengan variasi laju alir massa syngas dengan bukaan 1/4, bukaan 1/2, bukaan 3/4, dan bukaan full pada pembebanan 0,5 KW hingga 4,5 KW dengan interval kenaikan pembebanan setiap 0,5 KW. Pengukuran yang dilakukan adalah waktu konsumsi bahan bakar biodiesel 25 ml, tegangan dan arus, debit syngas pada tiap bukaan, serta temperatur : mesin, gas buang, dan oli. Dalam mengukur mass flow rate biodiesel dibutuhkan massa biodiesel dan waktu konsumsi biodiesel tersebut, sedangkan untuk mencari mass flow rate syngas dan mass flow rate udara digunakan gas flowmeter untuk mengetahui debit alirannya terlebih dahulu kemudian dikalikan dengan massa jenis syngas dan massa jenis udara. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah penurunan konsumsi biodiesel tertinggi ada pada variasi pembahan mass flow rate syngas bukaan full pada pembebanan 0 KW sebesar 19,48%. Untuk nilai specific fuel consumption (sfc) biodiesel terjadi penurunan hingga terendah, yaitu pada variasi penambahan mass flow rate syngas pada pembebanan 4 KW sebesar 0,198 Kg/KWh. Terjadi peningkatan energi input per siklus pada kondisi dual fuel tertinggi pada variasi penambahan laju alir massa syngas dengan bukaan full pada pembebanan 4,5 KW sebesar 0,589 Kj. Sedangkan efisiensi termal tertinggi diperoleh dengan kondisi single fuel pada pembebanan 4 KW sebesar 38,94 %.
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Energy needs are currently increasing, so renewable energy is needed. Biomass is one of the energies that is currently being developed, one of the developments of biomass into renewable energy can be done through the gasification process. Gasification is the process of converting solid fuel (biomass) into syngas. The gasified gas in the form of syngas can later be used as diesel engine fuel. In this study, diesel engines with single fuel and dual fuel systems were used. The purpose of the diesel engine run with a single fuel and dual fuel system is to determine the effect of diesel fuel usage when the diesel engine is run with single fuel and when the engine is run with a dual fuel system with diesel fuel and gas fuel. The dual fuel diesel system is operated using two types of fuel, namely diesel fuel and gas fuel. The gas fuel used is syngas from the gasification of MSW pellets. Characterization of dual fuel diesel engine performance was carried out by testing diesel engines at 3000 rpm with variations in syngas mass flow rate with 1/4 opening, 1/2 opening, 3/4 opening, and full opening at a loading of 0,5 KW to 4,5 KW with an interval of increasing loading every 0,5 KW. The measurements taken were the time of 25 ml biodiesel fuel consumption, voltage and current, syngas discharge at each opening, and temperature: engine, exhaust gas, and oil. In measuring the mass flow rate of biodiesel, the mass of biodiesel and biodiesel consumption time are needed, while to find the mass flow rate of syngas and the mass flow rate of air, a gas flowmeter is used to determine the flow rate first and then multiplied by the density of syngas and the density of air.The results obtained from this study are the highest decrease in biodiesel consumption in the variation of mass flow rate syngas full opening at 0 KW loading of 19.48%. For the specific fuel consumption (sfc) value of biodiesel, there was a decrease to the lowest, namely in the variation of adding syngas mass flow rate at 4 KW loading of 0.198 Kg / kWh. There was an increase in input energy per cycle in the highest dual fuel condition in the variation of adding syngas mass flow rate with full opening at 4,5 KW loading of 0.589 Kj. While the highest thermal efficiency is obtained with single fuel conditions at 4 KW loading of 38.94%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biomassa, Diesel Dual fuel, Gasifikasi, Syngas, MSW, Biomass Gasification
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Luthfi Nur Muharram
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2025 03:19
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2025 03:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118302

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