Analisis Potensi Pemanfaatan Anjungan Lepas Pantai menjadi Terminal LNG

Djatmiko, Raka Ramadhan (2025) Analisis Potensi Pemanfaatan Anjungan Lepas Pantai menjadi Terminal LNG. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia memiliki sekitar 631 anjungan lepas pantai, di mana lebih dari 70% telah mendekati akhir masa produktifnya. Berdasarkan regulasi yang berlaku, anjungan yang tidak lagi beroperasi harus melalui proses Abandonment and Site Restoration (ASR) untuk menghapus fasilitas dan memulihkan lingkungan. Namun, pendekatan ini sering kali memerlukan biaya besar tanpa memberikan manfaat ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi anjungan lepas pantai yang memiliki potensi dialihfungsikan sebagai terminal LNG di wilayah tertentu. Selain itu, penelitian ini akan menganalisis rute suplai gas alam cair yang optimal dari kilang-kilang pengolahan yang relevan serta menentukan lokasi-lokasi demand strategis yang dapat diakomodasi oleh terminal tersebut. Untuk itu, dilakukan pengembangan model optimasi distribusi LNG dengan mempertimbangkan 4 kilang sebagai sumber pasokan, 5 anjungan lepas pantai potensial sebagai hub distribusi, dan 51 demand area. Metode penelitian melibatkan analisis supply dan demand LNG berdasarkan data historis, evaluasi teknis kelayakan alih fungsi anjungan lepas pantai, dan penerapan model matematis untuk menentukan kombinasi logistik terbaik yang meminimalkan biaya distribusi total (unit cost). Model ini juga mempertimbangkan opsi distribusi langsung dari kilang ke demand area atau melalui terminal LNG, serta alokasi kapal pengangkut yang efisien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total kebutuhan LNG nasional mencapai 14,3 juta m³ per tahun, sementara pasokan diproyeksikan mencapai 39,9 juta m³ per tahun hingga 2060. Anjungan seperti TR001, TR002, dan TR005 memiliki potensi besar untuk dialihfungsikan menjadi terminal LNG karena lokasi strategisnya dan kapasitas demand yang dilayani. Sebaliknya, TR003 dan TR004 dinilai tidak layak karena kedekatannya dengan kilang LNG, sehingga distribusi langsung lebih ekonomis. Selain itu, untuk demand yang melebihi 3,1 juta m³ per tahun, pembangunan Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU) dapat menjadi solusi yang lebih ekonomis tergantung pada kapasitas penyimpanan platform. Kesimpulannya, alih fungsi anjungan lepas pantai tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi logistik LNG tetapi juga meminimalkan risiko lingkungan yang timbul dari struktur idle. Pendekatan ini mendukung ketahanan energi nasional dengan mengoptimalkan infrastruktur eksisting dan memastikan distribusi LNG dilakukan secara efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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Indonesia has about 631 offshore platforms, of which more than 70% have reached the end of their productive life. Based on applicable regulations, platforms that are no longer operating must go through the Abandonment and Site Restoration (ASR) process to remove facilities and restore the environment. However, this approach often comes at great costs without providing economic benefits.. This research aims to identify offshore platforms with the potential to be repurposed as LNG terminals in specific regions. Additionally, it will analyze the optimal LNG supply routes from relevant processing refineries and determine strategic demand locations that can be efficiently served by the proposed terminals. To achieve these objectives, an optimization model was developed considering four LNG plants as supply points, five offshore
platforms as potential distribution hubs, and 51 demand areas. The study employed methods including an analysis of LNG supply and demand based on historical data, a technical evaluation of offshore platform feasibility, and a mathematical model to determine the optimal logistics combination that minimizes total distribution costs (unit cost). The model also examined whether demand areas should be supplied directly from LNG plants or via LNG terminals, as well as the efficient allocation of LNG transport vessels. The results indicate that Indonesia’s total LNG demand reaches 14,3 million m³ per year, while LNG supply is
projected to reach 39.9 million m³ per year by 2060. Offshore platforms such as TR001, TR002, and TR005 are highly feasible for conversion into LNG terminals due to their strategic locations and the significant demand areas they serve. Conversely, TR003 and TR004 are deemed less viable because of their proximity to LNG plants, making direct supply more costeffective. Additionally, for demand exceeding 3,1 million m³ per year, the construction of Floating Storage and Regasification Units (FSRUs) may be more economical, depending on the storage capacity of the platforms. In conclusion, repurposing offshore platforms not only enhances LNG logistics efficiency but also minimizes environmental risks associated with idle structures. This approach supports national energy resilience by optimizing existing infrastructure and ensuring that LNG distribution is conducted efficiently and sustainably.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Distribution Cost Optimization, LNG Distribution, LNG Terminals, Offshore Platforms, Transhipment.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VK > VK235 Cargo handling. V Naval Science > VK > VK358 Marine terminals V Naval Science > VK > VK570 Optimum ship routing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Raka Ramadhan Djatmiko
Date Deposited:	05 Feb 2025 07:23
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2025 07:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118324

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