Samudra, Robertus Wisnu Galang (2025) Rancangan Cetakan Sungkup Helm Keselamatan untuk Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia merupakan produsen kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia dengan luas areal perkebunan mencapai 15,93 juta hektar, dengan luasnya perkebunan maka memerlukan banyak pekerja, saat proses panen kelapa sawit terdapat risiko keselamatan bagi pekerja karena letak tandan buah segar kelapa sawit yang berada di ketinggian yang mencapai lebih dari 2 meter, bagian tubuh yang rentan terhadap cedera adalah kepala dimana pelindung kepala yang digunakan untuk mengurangi risiko cedera adalah helm keselamatan. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Ammar Adnan dkk. terhadap pekerja kelapa sawit di Malaka, Malaysia dengan 87,2% pekerjanya berasal dari Indonesia, 62 pekerja dari 178 pekerja mengaku tidak memakai helm saat beraktivitas karena alasan lingkungan kerja yang panas, penelitian lain oleh Shamsul Bahri dkk. menyatakan pekerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit di Malaysia mengeluhkan helm yang digunakan memiliki bobot yang berat, menyebabkan gerah sehingga tidak nyaman digunakan, memiliki ukuran yang tidak pas, dan menyebabkan rasa pegal di leher karena brim yang terlalu panjang, untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan merancang helm keselamatan yang lebih diperuntukkan kepada pekerja di perkebunan sawit. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perancangan sungkup helm menggunakan material biokomposit serat sisal dan polypropylene dan perancangan cetakan sungkup helm untuk digunakan pada mesin injection molding serta mengetahui hasil cetakan menggunakan proses injection molding. Desain sungkup helm dan cetakan sungkup helm dibuat menggunakan SOLIDWORKS dan simulasi proses injeksi dijalankan menggunakan Autodesk Moldflow Adviser. Desain helm dikembangkan dengan menggunakan diagram morfologi untuk mendapatkan konsep pilihan, konsep pilihan memiliki bentuk full brim dengan profil huruf M pada bagian atas, konsep pilihan berbentuk kubah elips dengan dimensi 279×247×135 mm, hasil simulasi proses injeksi dengan volumetric shrinkage terkecil dan high quality prediction diperoleh pada parameter injeksi melt temperature 190°C, hasil simulasi menghasilkan hasil cetakan dengan berat 318 gram, high confidence of fill dengan hasil 100% dari rongga cetakan, high quality prediction dengan hasil 100% dari rongga cetakan, cooling quality tinggi sebesar 99,7% dari rongga cetakan, dan volumetric shrinkage maksimal sebesar 4,72%. Rancangan cetakan telah disesuaikan dengan volumetric shrinkage sehingga cetakan memiliki dimensi keseluruhan 550×450×440 mm dengan rongga cetakan berbentuk kubah elips dengan dimensi 285,59×252,86×138,00 mm. Cetakan menggunakan referensi jenis cetakan 4545 yang terdiri dari top plate, cavity plate, core plate, support plate, spacer block, ejector plate, ejector retainer plate, dan bottom plate, dengan komponen locating ring, sprue bushing, hex socket head screw, guide pin with oil grooves, guide bushing, support pin, return pin, dan ejector pin.
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Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world with a plantation area of 15.93 million hectares, with such an extent of plantations it requires a large number of workers, during the oil palm harvesting process there are safety risks for workers due to the position of oil palm fresh fruit bunches at a height that reaches more than 2 meters, the part of the body that is vulnerable to injury is the head where the head protection used to reduce the risk of injury is a safety helmet. In a research conducted by Ammar Adnan et al. on oil palm workers in Malacca, Malaysia with 87.2% of workers from Indonesia, 62 workers out of 178 workers admitted that they did not wear helmets during the work activities for the reasons of hot working environment, another research by Shamsul Bahri et al. stated that workers in oil palm plantations in Malaysia complained that the helmets used are heavy, sultry and uncomfortable to use, have an unfitting size, and causing neck soreness because the brim is too long, therefore this research aims to design safety helmets that are more designated for workers in oil palm plantations. This research focuses on designing a helmet shell made using sisal fiber and polypropylene biocomposite material and designing a helmet shell mold to be used on an injection molding machine and knowing the results of the injection molding process. The helmet shell design and helmet shell mold were designed using SOLIDWORKS and the injection process simulation was run using Autodesk Moldflow Adviser. The helmet design was developed using morphological diagrams to obtain the concept of choice, the concept of choice has a full brim form with profile of letter M at the top, concept of choice in the shape of an elliptical dome with dimensions of 279×247×135 mm, the results of the injection simulation with the smallest volumetric shrinkage and high quality prediction are obtained at the injection parameter of melt temperature 190°C, the simulation results produce mold results with a weight of 318 grams, high confidence of fill with a result of 100% of the cavity, high quality prediction with a result of 100% of the cavity, high cooling quality of 99.7% of the cavity, and maximum volumetric shrinkage of 4.72%. The mold design has been adjusted to volumetric shrinkage resulting in an overall dimension of 550×450×440 mm with an elliptical dome-shaped mold cavity with dimensions of 285,59×252,86×138,00 mm. The mold uses a 4545 mold as reference consisting of top plate, cavity plate, core plate, support plate, spacer block, ejector plate, ejector retainer plate, and bottom plate, with components of locating ring, sprue bushing, hex socket head screw, guide pin with oil grooves, guide bushing, support pin, return pin, and ejector pin.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Helm keselamatan, helmet shell, injection molding, mold base, safety helmet, sungkup helm |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS170 New products. Product Development |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Robertus Wisnu Galang Samudra |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2025 08:57 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Feb 2025 08:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118399 |
Available Versions of this Item
- Rancangan Cetakan Sungkup Helm Keselamatan untuk Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. (deposited 05 Feb 2025 08:57) [Currently Displayed]
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