Kontrol Kadar Gula Pada Proses Remelt Menggunakan Metode PID

Ramadhana, Nugraha Candra (2025) Kontrol Kadar Gula Pada Proses Remelt Menggunakan Metode PID. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gula merupakan komoditas strategis di Indonesia, khususnya gula rafinasi yang digunakan dalam industri makanan dan minuman. Kualitas gula sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemantauan kadar gula dalam nira, terutama pada proses remelt. Pengukuran kadar gula secara manual, yang dilakukan dengan refraktometer pada interval tertentu, dapat mengakibatkan ketidakkonsistenan hasil akibat faktor-faktor seperti variabilitas pengukuran, kesalahan manusia, dan frekuensi pengukuran yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem kontrol otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32 dengan metode PID untuk menjaga kadar gula dalam nira pada level 60%. Sistem ini memanfaatkan sensor TDS untuk pemantauan kadar gula secara real-time, serta sensor PT100 untuk pengukuran temperatur dalam tangki remelter. Pompa digunakan untuk menyuplai nira, sementara solenoid valve mengatur aliran air untuk menjaga konsistensi larutan. Dimmer mengontrol tegangan pada heater untuk memanaskan nira, dan motor DC digunakan untuk mengaduk nira, memastikan pencampuran yang merata. Sistem ini menggunakan metode tuning PID Ziegler-Nichols 1. Dengan menerapkan kontroler PID menggunakan metode tuning PID Ziegler-Nichols 1, diperoleh parameter kontrol Kp = 7.25991, Ki = 5.49161, dan Kd = 2.3994. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem PID mampu mengontrol kadar gula pada set point 60% dengan karakteristik respon sebagai berikut yakni tidak ada overshoot, waktu naik (rise time) sebesar 929 detik, waktu settling sebesar 784 detik, dan steady-state error sebesar <1%. Dari hasil respon sistem tersebut, maka sistem kontrol PID dengan metode Ziegler-Nichols 1 telah menjawab rumusan masalah yakni dapat menjaga nilai kadar gula dengan steady-state dengan batas toleransi ±3% di sekitar nilai set point yaitu 60%.
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Sugar is a strategic commodity in Indonesia, especially refined sugar used in the food and beverage industry. Sugar quality is greatly influenced by monitoring the sugar content in the juice, especially in the remelt process. Manual measurement of sugar content, which is done with a refractometer at certain intervals, can result in inconsistent results due to factors such as measurement variability, human error, and limited measurement frequency. This research aims to design and implement an automatic control system based on ESP32 microcontroller with PID method to maintain sugar content in nira at 60% level. The system utilizes a TDS sensor for real-time monitoring of sugar content, as well as a PT100 sensor for temperature measurement in the remelter tank. A pump is used to supply the nira, while a solenoid valve regulates the water flow to maintain the consistency of the solution. A dimmer controls the voltage on the heater to heat the juice, and a DC motor is used to stir the juice, ensuring even mixing. By applying the PID controller using the Ziegler-Nichols 1 PID tuning method, control parameters Kp = 7.25991, Ki = 5.49161, and Kd = 2.3994 were obtained. The test results show that the PID system is able to control sugar levels at a set point of 60% with the following response characteristics: no overshoot, rise time of 929 seconds, settling time of 784 seconds, and steady-state error of <1%. From the results of the system response, the PID control system with the Ziegler-Nichols 1 method has answered the problem formulation, which can maintain the value of sugar levels with a steady-state with a tolerance limit of ± 3% around the set point value of 60%.
Keywords: PID Control System, TDS Sensor, esp 32 Microcontroller

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sistem Kontrol PID, Sensor TDS, Mikrokontroler esp 32 PID Control System, TDS Sensor, esp 32 Microcontroller
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 36304-Automation Electronic Engineering
Depositing User:	Nugraha Candra Ramadhana
Date Deposited:	03 Mar 2025 02:03
Last Modified:	03 Mar 2025 02:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/118941

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