Kajian Phytomining Logam Berat CR, V, Dan SC Di Red Mud Dengan Penambahan Stimulan Bakteri Indigenous Dan Air Asam Tambang Menggunakan Tanaman Hias

Ramadhani, Muhammad Alif (2025) Kajian Phytomining Logam Berat CR, V, Dan SC Di Red Mud Dengan Penambahan Stimulan Bakteri Indigenous Dan Air Asam Tambang Menggunakan Tanaman Hias. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Red mud merupakan hasil produk sampingan dari proses pemurnian alumina dari bauksit menggunakan metode bayer. Limbah ini diperkirakan dihasilkan sejumlah 70 juta ton di seluruh dunia. Red mud sendiri memiliki karakteristik khas berupa warna merah akibat tingginya kandungan oksida besi, hal ini pula membuatnya memiliki alkalinitas tinggi pada pH 10-13. Red mud ini juga mengandung banyak unsur lainnya, seperti Cr, V, Sc, Fe, Al. Sehingga terdapat potensi untuk pemanfaatan kembali kandungan logam yang ada di red mud menggunakan metode bioremediasi yaitu phytomining. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hasil phytomining tumbuhan Tradescantia pallida dan Dracaena fragrans dengan penambahan bioagumentasi bakteri Bacillus proteolyticus dan Staphylococcus warneri serta air asam tambang (AAT).
Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi penelitian pendahuluan dan utama. Penelitian pendahuluan mencakup uji ICP pada red mud, air asam tambang dan pupuk kandang; adanya uji pendahuluan bakteri; dan propagasi serta aklimatisasi tumbuhan. Penelitian utama dilakukan selama 28 hari dengan periode pengambilan sampel 3 kali. Parameter pendukung diukur pada penelitian utama meliputi pH, soil moisture, electrical conductivity, suhu, morfologi tumbuhan, total klorofil, serta berat basah dan kering tumbuhan. Uji TPC dilakukan pada hari ke-0 dan ke-28. Secara pengamatan morfologi tumbuhan, terdapat perubahan penurunan kekuatan struktur tumbuhan dari hari ke-0 hingga hari ke-28. Uptake logam kromium (Cr) paling pada reaktor A1T menunjukkan peninkatan yang cukup signifikan dari 7,7 mg/kg di hari ke-0 menjadi 45 mg/kg di hari ke-28. Sama halnya dengan reaktor BT (uptake akhir 37 mg/kg). Logam V teruptake dengan baik pada reaktor A1T (uptake akhir 39.3 mg/kg) dan reaktor B1 (uptake akhir 24,6 mg/kg). Uptake logam Sc tertinggi pada reaktor A1T (uptake akhir 11,25 mg/kg) dan B1 (uptake akhir 5,8 mg/kg). Beradasarkan uji lanjutan statistik penambahan bioaugmentasi sebagian memberikan perbedaan signifikan pada uptake dan kadar logam bioavailable pada logam Cr, V dan Sc. Penambahan AAT atau air asam tambang tidak memberikan dampak yang signfikan pasca dilakukan uji statistik lanjutan.
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Red mud is a by-product generated from the alumina refining process of bauxite using the Bayer method. Globally, the production of red mud is estimated to reach approximately 70 million tonnes annually. This waste is characterized by its distinctive red colour, attributed to its high iron oxide content, which also results in high alkalinity, with a pH ranging from 10 to 13. In addition to iron and aluminium, red mud contains various other elements such as chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), and scandium (Sc), which present potential for resource recovery through bioremediation methods, particularly phytomining. This study aims to evaluate the phytomining performance of Tradescantia pallida and Dracaena fragrans, with the addition of bioaugmentation using Bacillus proteolyticus and Staphylococcus warneri, as well as acid mine drainage (AMD). The research was divided into preliminary and main phases. The preliminary study included ICP analysis of red mud, AMD, and manure; bacterial viability testing; and plant propagation and acclimatization. The main experiment was conducted over 28 days, with sampling conducted at three intervals. Supporting parameters measured during the main experiment included pH, soil moisture, electrical conductivity, temperature, plant morphology, total chlorophyll content, and both fresh and dry biomass. Total plate count (TPC) analysis was conducted on days 0 and 28. Based on morphological observations, a decline in plant structural integrity was observed from day 0 to day 28. The uptake of chromium (Cr) showed a significant increase in reactor A1T, from 7.7 mg/kg on day 0 to 45 mg/kg on day 28. A similar trend was observed in reactor BT, with final uptake reaching 37 mg/kg. Vanadium (V) was effectively accumulated in reactor A1T (final uptake of 39.3 mg/kg) and reactor B1 (final uptake of 24.6 mg/kg). The highest scandium (Sc) uptake was recorded in reactor A1T (final uptake of 11.25 mg/kg) and reactor B1 (final uptake of 5.8 mg/kg). Based on further statistical analysis, bioaugmentation treatment contributed to significant differences in both metal uptake and bioavailable metal concentrations for Cr, V, and Sc. Conversely, the addition of AMD did not exhibit a statistically significant effect based on the post-analysis results.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air asam tambang, Bioaugmentasi, Logam berat, Phytomining, Red mud.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Alif Ramadhani
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2025 04:15
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2025 04:15
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120218

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