Analisis Dampak Praktik Shadow IT terhadap Munculnya Permasalahan pada Organisasi Menggunakan Pendekatan Case Study Research

Ahmad Aunul, Bari Hayiz (2025) Analisis Dampak Praktik Shadow IT terhadap Munculnya Permasalahan pada Organisasi Menggunakan Pendekatan Case Study Research. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Shadow IT merupakan penggunaan sistem, aplikasi, atau layanan teknologi informasi tanpa persetujuan resmi dari departemen TI. Di lingkungan pendidikan Indonesia, praktik ini semakin umum digunakan oleh tenaga kependidikan sebagai solusi cepat dan fleksibel dalam aktivitas kerja digital. Namun, Shadow IT juga berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan teknis dan risiko keamanan yang belum banyak dikaji secara mendalam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Case Study Research untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika penggunaan Shadow IT di organisasi pendidikan. Organisasi pendidikan dipilih karena diketahui secara aktif menggunakan perangkat atau aplikasi di luar pengawasan dan persetujuan resmi dari tim TI internal. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi terhadap 31 responden pada organisasi pendidikan, lalu ditranskrip, dikodifikasi, dan dianalisis menggunakan metode open coding. Dengan menggunakan Work System Theory sebagai kerangka analisis, penelitian ini menghasilkan model pemetaan dampak praktik teknologi terhadap elemen sistem kerja seperti processes, technologies, participants, dan information. Hasilnya, diidentifikasi lima bentuk peran teknologi dalam praktik Shadow IT maupun non-Shadow IT, yaitu mediating, automating, informing, accompanying, dan augmenting, yang masing-masing menimbulkan permasalahan operasional akibat praktik Shadow IT, antara lain rendahnya responsivitas sistem, ketidakstabilan aplikasi saat digunakan secara luas, kerentanan keamanan data akibat minimnya pengawasan, serta kesulitan dalam pengelolaan data seperti sinkronisasi dan standarisasi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa melalui praktik Shadow IT seperti WhatsApp, Telegram, atau Zoom justru mampu mengurangi permasalahan ketersediaan akses yang sering terjadi pada sistem resmi, seperti email resmi atau platform pembelajaran internal. Dengan demikian, Shadow IT pada praktik tertentu seperti mediating justru berperan sebagai solusi terhadap sistem resmi non-Shadow IT.
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Shadow IT refers to the use of systems, applications, or information technology services without official approval or oversight from an organization’s IT department. In the Indonesian education sector, this practice has become increasingly prevalent among educational staff as a quick and flexible solution to support digital work activities. However, Shadow IT also poses potential technical challenges and security risks that remain underexplored in existing literature. This study adopts a Case Study Research approach to investigate the dynamics of Shadow IT usage within educational institutions. The selected organizations were identified based on their active use of devices or applications not formally approved or monitored by their internal IT departments. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and field observations involving 31 participants. The data were subsequently transcribed, coded, and analyzed using an open coding to identify recurring patterns and themes related to Shadow IT practices. By employing Work System Theory as an analytical framework, this study develops a mapping model that illustrates the impact of technology practices on key elements of the work system, including processes, technologies, participants, and information. The findings identify five distinct technology roles present in both Shadow IT and non-Shadow IT practices: mediating, automating, informing, accompanying, and augmenting. Each of these roles is associated with specific operational issues arising from Shadow IT usage, such as low system responsiveness, instability of applications when used at scale, data security vulnerabilities due to limited oversight, and challenges in data management, including synchronization and lack of standardization. Interestingly, the study also reveals that certain Shadow IT practices, such as the use of WhatsApp, Telegram, or Zoom can mitigate access-related issues frequently encountered in official systems like institutional email or internal learning platforms. In such cases, Shadow IT, particularly in its mediating role, functions as a practical workaround for the limitations of formal digital systems.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Shadow IT, Work System Theory, Open Coding, Penelitian Kualitatif, Organisasi Pendidikan Shadow IT, Work System Theory, Open Coding, Qualitative Research, Educational Organizations
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.6 Management information systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Information System > 59101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Ahmad Aunul Bari Hayiz
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 02:08
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120657

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