Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell dalam Biokonversi Sampah Organik

Nursyamsiyah, Zuraida (2025) Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell dalam Biokonversi Sampah Organik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan populasi mendorong peningkatan timbulan sampah, terutama sampah organik yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, namun juga dapat diolah menjadi energi dan produk bernilai tambah. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan teknologi Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell (SPMFC) untuk mengonversi sampah organik pasar menjadi energi listrik dan pupuk. Kinerja SPMFC dapat dipengaruhi oleh kandungan substrat, populasi mikroorganisme dan material elektroda. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh variasi bioaktivator (EM4) dan jenis material elektroda terhadap efisiensi kinerja SPMFC. Bioaktivator digunakan sebagai variasi jumlah dan jenis mikroorganisme, sementara variasi elektroda bertujuan mengoptimalkan transfer elektron dan efisiensi energi. Terdapat 2 jenis variabel penelitian yaitu variasi penambahan EM4 (0 mL, 5 mL dan 10 mL) dan variasi material elektroda (aluminium mesh-activated carbon dan tinned copper mesh). Penelitian pendahuluan meliputi perhitungan komposisi sampah dan penentuan dosis molase optimum. Penambahan molase dimaksudkan sebagai sumber nutrisi tambahan. Reaktor yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah single chamber microbial fuel cell. Penelitian berlangsung selama 30 hari dengan pemantauan harian terhadap pH, suhu, tegangan, dan arus. Sementara itu, kadar air, C-organik, C total, N total, N-amonium, dan N-nitrat diukur pada hari ke-0, ke-10, dan ke-30. Pengukuran kadar air dan kandungan C dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri, sedangkan pengukuran kandungan N dilakukan dengan metode Kjeldahl dan spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daya maksimum rata-rata tercapai pada kombinasi dosis EM4 5 mL dan elektroda tinned copper mesh sebesar 72,1 mW. Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa penambahan EM4 (P = 0,03 x 10⁻⁹) dan variasi elektroda (P = 0,06 x 10⁻⁶) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi daya, tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil pengomposan karena adanya akumulasi lindi di dalam reaktor sehingga sebagian besar parameter belum memenuhi baku mutu SNI 19-7030-2004. Analisis ini membantu menentukan kombinasi perlakuan optimum, serta menunjukkan potensi pemanfaatannya dalam mengonversi sampah organik menjadi energi listrik. Namun, optimalisasi lanjutan masih diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kompos dan produksi listrik yang dihasilkan.
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Population growth leads to increased waste generation, especially organic waste that can pollute the environment but also has the potential to be converted into energy and value-added products. This research utilizes Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell (SPMFC) technology to convert market organic waste into electrical energy and fertilizer. The performance of SPMFC can be influenced by substrate content, microorganism population and electrode material. This research analyzes the effect of bioactivator (EM4) variation and electrode material type on the efficiency of SPMFC performance. The bioactivator was used to vary the quantity and type of microorganisms, while different electrode materials were intended to optimize electron transfer and energy efficience. Two variables were tested: EM4 variation (0, 5, and 10 mL of EM4) and electrode material (aluminum mesh–activated carbon and tinned copper mesh). Preliminary research included waste composition analysis and determination of optimal molasses dosage as an additional nutrient source. The addition of molasses is intended as an additional source of nutrients. A single-chamber microbial fuel cell was used as the reactor, operated for 30 days with daily monitoring of pH, temperature, voltage, and current. Moisture content, organic carbon, total carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen were measured on days 0, 10, and 30. Moisture and carbon contents were determined using gravimetric methods, while nitrogen content was analyzed using Kjeldahl and spectrophotometry methods. The results showed that the highest average power output was achieved with the combination of 5 mL EM4 dosage and tinned copper mesh electrode, reaching 72.1 mW. ANOVA results showed that the addition of EM4 (P = 0.03 × 10⁻⁹) and the variation of electrode materials (P = 0.06 × 10⁻⁶) had a significant effect on power production, but did not significantly affect the composting outcomes due to leachate accumulation in the reactor. As a result, most compost quality parameters did not meet the standards of SNI 19-7030-2004. This analysis helps determine the optimal treatment combination for SPMFC performance and demonstrates its potential in converting organic waste into electrical energy. However, further optimization is required to improve both compost quality and electricity generation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bioaktivator, material elektroda, produksi listrik, sampah organik, solid phase microbial fuel cell, bioactivator, electricity production, electrode material, organic waste, solid phase microbial fuel cell
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.)
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Zuraida Nursyamsiyah
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2025 07:39
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2025 07:39
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/120833

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