Rehabilitasi Gedung Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Menengah Menggunakan Base Isolation Tipe Lead Rubber Bearing

Distrayoga, Putu Angga (2025) Rehabilitasi Gedung Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Menengah Menggunakan Base Isolation Tipe Lead Rubber Bearing. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan tingkat aktivitas seismik yang tinggi akibat letaknya di pertemuan lempeng tektonik aktif. Meningkatnya parameter percepatan gempa mengakibatkan adanya revisi regulasi kegempaan nasional melalui SNI 1726:2019. Dammpaknya, perlu dilakukan evaluasi ulang terhadap struktur gedung eksisting, khususnya bangunan yang tidak lagi sesuai dengan kriteria desain terbaru. Salah satu kasus yang relevan adalah gedung pendidikan enam lantai di Kota Malang yang awalnya dirancang menggunakan Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Menengah (SRPMM). Berdasarkan ketentuan SNI 1726:2019, wilayah Malang dikategorikan sebagai zona seismik tinggi, sehingga bangunan di kawasan tersebut seharusnya menggunakan Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus (SRPMK). Ketidaksesuaian ini berpotensi menimbulkan risiko kegagalan struktur, khususnya kegagalan yang bersifat getas karena kurangnya kemampuan daktilitas pada struktur SRPMM. Evaluasi pada struktur eksisting dilakukan dengan prosedur ASCE 41-17, salah satunya menggunakan metode Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) untuk mengetahui tingkat kinerja struktur. Apabila struktur eksisting mengalami tingkat kinerja collapse prevention (CP), perlu dilakukan rehabilitasi struktur secara global. Sebagai solusi rehabilitasi global, penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan sistem base isolation menggunakan perangkat Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) sebagai upaya peningkatan kinerja seismik struktur. LRB dipilih karena keunggulannya dalam disipasi energi, fleksibilitas lateral, serta efisiensi biaya dan pelaksanaan konstruksi. Proses rehabilitasi mencakup perencanaan dimensi dan spesifikasi isolator, analisis kapasitas, pemodelan struktur, dan terakhir adalah evaluasi kinerja struktur setelah direhabilitasi menggunakan metode Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA). Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, struktur gedung eksisting mengalami kegagalan dengan tingkat kinerja collapse prevention (CP). Dengan pemasangan LRB, struktur gedung menunjukkan performa struktur yang lebih baik. Pemasangan LRB menyebabkan periode natural struktur meningkat hingga 2,38 kali. Akibatnya gaya geser dasar yang diterima oleh struktur tereduksi signifikan, 77,96% untuk arah x dan 81,65% untuk arah y. Simpangan antar lantai juga ikut tereduksi, dimana pada arah x, simpangan antar lantai berkurang dengan rata – rata 59,69%. Sedangkan untuk arah y, simpangan antar lantai berkurang hingga rata – rata 52,66%. Kemudian, tingkat kinerja struktur mengalami peningkatan, dari collapse prevention (CP) menjadi operational (O). Studi ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan sistem base isolation berbasis LRB efektif sebagai metode rehabilitasi untuk bangunan SRPMM yang berada di wilayah seismik tinggi, terutama jika desain awal tidak memenuhi persyaratan ketahanan gempa terbaru. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam perencanaan rehabilitasi gedung eksisting lainnya di Indonesia.
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Indonesia is a country with a high level of seismic activity due to its location at the convergence of active tectonic plates. The increase in ground acceleration parameters has prompted a revision of the national seismic regulations through SNI 1726:2019. Therefore, re-evaluation of existing building structures is required, especially those that no longer meet the latest design criteria. One relevant case is a six-story educational building in Malang, East Java, which was originally designed using the Intermediate Moment Frame (IMF) system. According to SNI 1726:2019, Malang is classified as a high seismic hazard zone; thus, buildings in this area should be designed using the Special Moment Frame (SMF) system. This inconsistency presents a potential risk of structural failure, particularly brittle failure due to the limited capacity of IMRF systems. The evaluation of the existing structure was carried out using the ASCE 41-17 procedure, which includes the Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) method to assess the structural performance level. If the structure is found to perform at the collapse prevention (CP) level, global rehabilitation becomes necessary. As a global rehabilitation solution, this study examines the application of a base isolation system using Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) devices to enhance the seismic performance of the structure. LRBs were chosen for their advantages in energy dissipation, lateral flexibility, cost-efficiency, and constructability. The rehabilitation process included dimensioning and specifying the isolator, capacity analysis, structural modeling, and final performance evaluation using NLTHA. The analysis results indicated that the existing building reached the collapse prevention (CP) performance level. After the installation of LRBs, the structure exhibited improves the seismic performance. The natural period of the structure increased by a factor of 2.38, resulting in a significant reduction of base shear—77.96% in the x-direction and 81.65% in the y-direction. Inter-story drift was also reduced, with an average decrease of 59.69% in the x-direction and 52.66% in the y-direction. Furthermore, the structural performance level improved from collapse prevention (CP) to operational (O). This study demonstrates that the use of LRB-based base isolation is effective as a rehabilitation method for IMF buildings located in high seismic zones, particularly when the initial design does not comply with current seismic resistance requirements. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for future rehabilitation planning of existing buildings in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Base Isolation, Kinerja Struktur, Lead Rubber Bearing, Nonlinear Time History Analysis, Rehabilitasi, Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Menengah,Base Isolation, Intermediate Moment Frame, Lead Rubber Bearing, Nonlinear Time History Analysis, Rehabilitation, Structural Performance.
Subjects:	T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1095 Earthquakes and building T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1461 Concrete construction.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Putu Angga Distrayoga
Date Deposited:	25 Jul 2025 03:36
Last Modified:	25 Jul 2025 03:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121635

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