Evaluasi Kinerja Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Dan Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik

Ramadhan, Iqbal (2025) Evaluasi Kinerja Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Dan Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Globalisasi ekonomi telah meningkatkan persaingan bagi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM), termasuk sektor laundry dan domestik, yang menghadapi tantangan signifikan dalam pengelolaan limbah cair. Limbah laundry mengandung zat pencemar seperti BOD, COD, TSS, amoniak, fosfat, dan surfaktan yang melebihi baku mutu lingkungan, sementara limbah domestik juga memiliki karakteristik kompleks yang memerlukan pengolahan efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja teknologi pengolahan limbah Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) dan Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) dalam mengatasi tantangan tersebut. Metode penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel limbah dari usaha laundry dan domestik di Kabupaten Lamongan, analisis laboratorium, serta evaluasi kinerja teknis, biaya, dan dampak lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MBBR lebih efektif dalam mengurangi BOD, COD, amoniak, fosfat, dan surfaktan dengan efisiensi masing-masing mencapai 93,2%, 89%, 74,4%, dan 89,5%. Sementara itu, ABR menunjukkan efisiensi yang lebih rendah, terutama dalam menghilangkan nutrisi seperti fosfat dan amoniak. Dari aspek ekonomi, meskipun MBBR memerlukan biaya investasi awal yang lebih tinggi, teknologi ini menawarkan penghematan biaya operasional jangka panjang dan dampak lingkungan yang lebih baik. Dan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dari sistem pengolahan limbah Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) dan Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) skala kecil. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ABR menghasilkan emisi CH₄ dominan (1,69 kg CO₂eq/tahun) akibat proses anaerobik, sedangkan MBBR menghasilkan emisi minimal CH₄ (0 kg CO₂eq/tahun) karena bersifat aerobik. Emisi N₂O pada kedua sistem sangat rendah (<0,001 kg CO₂eq/tahun), tetapi MBBR menghasilkan emisi CO₂ signifikan dari penggunaan klorin (16,43 kg CO₂eq/tahun). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa MBBR lebih ramah iklim dalam hal emisi CH₄, tetapi perlu alternatif disinfeksi untuk mengurangi jejak karbon. Penelitian ini membandingkan MBBR sebagai solusi berkelanjutan untuk pengolahan limbah UKM, khususnya di sektor laundry dan domestik, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek teknis, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pengambil kebijakan dan pelaku usaha dalam mengadopsi teknologi pengolahan limbah yang ramah lingkungan dan ekonomis.
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Economic globalization has intensified competition for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), including the laundry and domestic sectors, which face significant challenges in wastewater management. Laundry wastewater contains pollutants such as BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, phosphate, and surfactants that exceed environmental quality standards, while domestic wastewater also has complex characteristics requiring effective treatment. This study aims to compare the performance of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) technologies in addressing these challenges. The research methodology includes wastewater sampling from laundry and domestic businesses in Lamongan Regency, laboratory analysis, and evaluation of technical performance, costs, and environmental impacts. The results show that MBBR is more effective in reducing BOD, COD, ammonia, phosphate, and surfactants, with efficiencies reaching 93.2%, 89%, 74.4%, and 89.5%, respectively. In contrast, ABR demonstrates lower efficiency, particularly in removing nutrients such as phosphate and ammonia. From an economic perspective, although MBBR requires higher initial investment costs, it offers long-term operational cost savings and better environmental impacts. And Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from smallscale Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) and Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
(MBBR) wastewater systems. Results show that ABR emits dominant CH₄ (1.69 kg CO₂eq/year) due to anaerobic digestion, while MBBR produces negligible CH₄ (0 kg CO₂eq/year) as an aerobic system. N₂O emissions from both systems were minimal (<0.001 kg CO₂eq/year), but MBBR contributed significant CO₂ from chlorine use (16.43 kg CO₂eq/year). The study concludes that MBBR is climate
friendlier in CH₄ emissions but requires alternative disinfection to reduce carbon footprint. This study recommends MBBR as a sustainable solution for wastewater
treatment in SMEs, particularly in the laundry and domestic sectors, by considering
technical, economic, and environmental aspects. The findings are expected to serve
as a reference for policymakers and business actors in adopting environmentally
friendly and cost-effective wastewater treatment technologies.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	MBBR, ABR, limbah laundry, limbah domestik, efisiensi pengolahan, keberlanjutan, UKM. MBBR, ABR, laundry wastewater, domestic wastewater, treatment efficiency, sustainability, SMEs.
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences > GE195.5 Green movement
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Iqbal Ramadhan
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2025 10:42
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2025 10:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/121798

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