Desain Pabrik Mikrokristalin Selulosa Dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon

Damayanti, Jacinda Irma and Rafi, Muhammad (2025) Desain Pabrik Mikrokristalin Selulosa Dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia, sebagai negara dengan kekayaan sumber daya alam, menghasilkan jumlah industri mebel kayu yang sangat melimpah, dimana Indonesia merupakan salah satu produsen furnitur kayu terkemuka di dunia. Penggunaan kayu yang intensif menghasilkan limbah serbuk gergaji rata-rata pertahun sebesar 8,77% volume. Di sisi lain serbuk gergaji kayu sengon mengandung 45,42% selulosa, 26,5% lignin, dan 21% hemiselulosa. Dengan kadar selulosa yang cukup tinggi, limbah yang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik ini dapat diolah menjadi produk microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Tingginya permintaan terhadap MCC di Indonesia menjadi alasan utama pendirian pabrik, karena Indonesia masih mengandalkan impor disebabkan tidak adanya pabrik MCC yang berdiri di Indonesia. Salah satu kegunaan MCC ialah eksipien dalam kapsul sebagai bahan pengisi tablet yang dianggap sebagai pengikat kering karena mampu meningkatkan kemampuan kekompakan tablet dari campuran kompresi. Proses pembuatan MCC ini direncanakan melalui proses utama yaitu delignifikasi-hidrothermal, bleaching, dan acid hydrolysis. Pabrik direncanakan berjalan selama 330 hari, 24 jam dengan kapasitas 1000 ton/tahun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan MCC nasional pada 2029 sebesar 42,23%. Pabrik direncanakan akan dibangun di Gresik, Jawa Timur. Pemilihan lokasi ini didasarkan pada ketersediaan bahan baku serbuk gergaji kayu sengon yang melimpah di Jawa Timur, ketersediaan listrik (262,5 MW), air, lahan yang memadai, dan aksesibilitas ke jalur distribusi penting seperti pelabuhan dan bandara. Dari analisis ekonomi, diperoleh Total Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) sebesar Rp123.121.155.241 dan Total Operating Expenditure (OPEX) sebesar Rp132.497.351.639. Hasil evaluasi kelayakan pabrik menunjukkan Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp237.183.401.977, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 14,09%, dan Pay Out Time (POT) selama 3,25 tahun. Dengan bunga pinjaman bank sebesar 8,6% per tahun, nilai IRR yang lebih tinggi dari bunga pinjaman serta POT yang lebih singkat dari umur pabrik (20 tahun), mengindikasikan bahwa pabrik ini layak secara ekonomis untuk didirikan.
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Indonesia, as a country with abundant natural resources, produces a very abundant amount of wooden furniture industry, where Indonesia is one of the leading wooden furniture producers in the world. Intensive use of wood produces sawdust waste on average per year of 8.77% by volume. On the other hand, sengon sawdust contains 45.42% cellulose, 26.5% lignin, and 21% hemicellulose. With a fairly high cellulose content, this waste that has not been utilized properly can be processed into microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) products. The high demand for MCC in Indonesia is the main reason for establishing a factory, because Indonesia still relies on imports due to the absence of an MCC factory in Indonesia. One of the uses of MCC is an excipient in capsules as a tablet filler which is considered a dry binder because it can increase the compactness of tablets from the compression mixture. The process of making MCC is planned through the main processes, namely delignification-hydrothermal, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. The factory is planned to operate for 330 days, 24 hours with a capacity of 1000 tons/year to meet the national MCC needs in 2029 of 42.23%. The factory is planned to be built in Gresik, East Java. The selection of this location is based on the availability of abundant sengon sawdust raw materials in East Java, the availability of electricity (262.5 MW), water, adequate land, and accessibility to important distribution channels such as ports and airports. From the economic analysis, the Total Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) was obtained at Rp123.121.155.241 and the Total Operating Expenditure (OPEX) was Rp132.497.351.639. The results of the factory feasibility evaluation showed a Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp237.183.401.977, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 14,09%, and a Pay Out Time (POT) of 3.25 years. With a bank loan interest of 8.6% per year, an IRR value that is higher than the loan interest and a POT that is shorter than the factory's lifespan (20 years), indicates that this factory is economically feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mikrokristalin Selulosa, Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon, Selulosa, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Sengon Wood Sawdust, Cellulose
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Rafi
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2025 02:03
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2025 02:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/122409

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