Pengendalian Dampak Kegiatan Perluasan Infrastruktur terhadap Emisi Karbon Dioksida

Salindri, Septiano Dwi Ayu (2025) Pengendalian Dampak Kegiatan Perluasan Infrastruktur terhadap Emisi Karbon Dioksida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan konsentrasi karbon dioksida (CO2) di atmosfer menjadi isu utama dalam perubahan iklim global, yang sebagian besar dipicu oleh aktivitas manusia, terutama dalam sektor infrastruktur. Emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) berasal dari pembakaran bahan bakar fosil, deforestasi, dan pengelolaan lahan yang tidak berkelanjutan. Tanpa mitigasi yang efektif, suhu rata-rata bumi diproyeksikan meningkat antara 2.6◦C hingga 4.8◦C pada tahun 2100. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menambahkan kontrol optimal pada model dampak kegiatan perluasan infrastruktur terhadap emisi karbon dioksida, melalui regulasi karbon (u1) dan penghijauan (u2). Kontrol optimal ini bertujuan untuk menekan emisi CO2 serta menjaga daya dukung biomassa hutan dalam menyerap emisi CO2 akibat kegiatan infrastruktur. Penyelesaian kontrol optimal dilakukan menggunakan Prinsip Minimum Pontryagin dan disimulasikan secara numerik menggunakan metode Runge Kutta orde 4 selama 80 bulan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan kontrol u1 dipertahankan sekitar 50% hingga bulan ke-69, mencerminkan pengurangan signifikan emisi CO2 dari sektor infrastruktur terutama pada penggunaan bahan bakar fosil dan alat berat konstruksi. Sementara itu, u2 meningkat dari 25% hingga 30% dan dipertahankan hingga bulan ke-61, yang merepresentasikan kewajiban alokasi sebagian lahan pembangunan infrastruktur untuk ditanami kembali dengan vegetasi. Kedua kontrol ini efektif menahan lonjakan emisi CO2 dan menjaga kestabilan biomassa hutan dalam jangka pendek. Namun, penurunan intensitas kontrol di akhir periode simulasi menunjukkan perlunya strategi berkelanjutan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap perumusan kebijakan pembangunan infrastruktur rendah karbon yang selaras dengan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan.
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The increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere is a major issue in global climate change, which is largely driven by human activities, particularly in the infrastructure sector. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions originate from the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and unsustainable land management. Without effective mitigation, the average global temperature is projected to increase by 2.6◦C to 4.8◦C by the year 2100. Therefore, this study adds optimal control to the model of the impact of infrastructure expansion activities on carbon dioxide emissions, through carbon regulation (u1) and greening (u2). This optimal control aims to reduce CO2 emissions and maintain the biomass capacity of forests to absorb CO2 emissions caused by infrastructure activities. The optimal control solution is determined using the Pontryagin Minimum Principle and numerically simulated using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method over 80 months. Simulation results show that control u1 is maintained at approximately 50% until month 69, reflecting a significant reduction in CO2 emissions from the infrastructure sector, particularly in the use of fossil fuels and heavy construction equipment. Meanwhile, u2 increases from 25% to 30% and is maintained until the 61st month, representing the obligation to allocate part of the infrastructure development land for reforestation. Both controls effectively curb the surge in CO2 emissions and maintain forest biomass stability in the short term. However, the decline in control intensity toward the end of the simulation period highlights the need for long-term sustainable strategies. This study is expected to contribute to the formulation of low-carbon infrastructure development policies aligned with sustainable development goals.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Emisi Karbon, Kontrol Optimal, Regulasi Karbon, Penghijauan, Prinsip Minimum Pontryagin Carbon Emissions, Optimal Control, Carbon Regulation, Reforestation, Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA401 Mathematical models.
Divisions: Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Mathematics > 44201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Septiano Dwi Ayu Salindri
Date Deposited: 30 Jul 2025 06:10
Last Modified: 30 Jul 2025 06:10
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123342

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