Pengaruh Kondisi dan Konsentrasi Adsorbat serta Adsorben Biochar terhadap Adsorpsi Fluorida

Rahma, Imelda (2025) Pengaruh Kondisi dan Konsentrasi Adsorbat serta Adsorben Biochar terhadap Adsorpsi Fluorida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Konsentrasi fluorida yang tinggi dalam air minum dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia, terutama menyebabkan fluorosis pada gigi dan tulang. Salah satu metode yang efektif untuk mengurangi kandungan fluorida dalam air adalah melalui proses adsorpsi. Biochar merupakan material berpori yang memiliki luas permukaan tinggi, polaritas, dan gugus fungsi aktif pada permukaannya sehingga berpotensi tinggi sebagai adsorben. Dalam penelitian ini, biochar yang disintesis dari biomassa Spirulina platensis digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk menghilangkan fluorida dari air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pirolisis terhadap karakter gugus fungsi biochar serta mengetahui pengaruh pH, dosis biochar, konsentrasi fluorida, waktu kontak, dan suhu adsorpsi terhadap performa biochar dalam adsorpsi fluorida. Karakter gugus fungsi biochar yang memengaruhi performa adsorpsi diamati menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil FTIR menunjukkan bahwa perubahan gugus fungsi akibat peningkatan suhu pirolisis dari biomassa S. platensis ditunjukkan oleh penurunan gugus fungsional polar seperti –OH, –NH, –CH, dan C=O serta peningkatan struktur C=C yang mencerminkan proses karbonisasi. Biochar hasil pirolisis pada suhu 600°C memiliki karakteristik yang paling baik untuk adsorpsi fluorida dibandingkan suhu pirolisis lainnya. Uji optimasi adsorpsi oleh biochar berbasis S. platensis yang dipirolisis pada 600°C mencapai kondisi optimum pada pH 2, dosis biochar 50 mg, konsentrasi fluorida 10 ppm, waktu kontak 6 jam, dan suhu adsorpsi 30°C. Efisiensi penghilangan fluorida pada kondisi optimum yaitu sebesar 61,63% dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 3,08 mg/g.
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High concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can pose health risks, particularly to teeth and bones. One of the methods to reduce fluoride concentration in drinking water is adsorption. Biochar, a porous material with high surface area, polarity, and active functional groups on its surface, is widely recognized as a promising adsorbent. In this study, biochar derived from Spirulina platensis was used as an adsorbent to remove fluoride from water. The objectives of this research were to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the functional groups of biochar and to evaluate the influence of pH, biochar dosage, initial fluoride concentration, contact time, and adsorption temperature on the performance of the biochar in fluoride adsorption. The functional groups of biochar that influence adsorption performance were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR results indicated that increasing the pyrolysis temperature of S. platensis biomass led to a reduction in polar functional groups such as –OH, –NH, –CH, and C=O, and an increase in C=C structures, reflecting enhanced carbonization. Biochar pyrolyzed at 600°C exhibited the most favorable characteristics for fluoride adsorption compared to other pyrolysis temperatures. Adsorption optimization tests revealed that the S. platensis-based biochar pyrolyzed at 600°C achieved optimal conditions at pH 2, biochar dosage of 50 mg, fluoride concentration of 10 ppm, contact time of 6 hours, and adsorption temperature of 30°C. Under these conditions, the fluoride removal efficiency reached 61.63%, with an adsorption capacity of 3.08 mg/g.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adsorpsi, Biochar, Fluorida, Pirolisis, Spirulina platensis, Adsorption, Biochar, Fluoride, Pyrolysis, Spirulina platensis
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Imelda Rahma
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2025 04:20
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2025 04:20
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/123893

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