Studi Numerik Pengaruh Turning Vane dan Modifikasi Inlet Transition Zone Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Heat Recovery Steam Generator Tipe Vertikal

Dewi, Anita (2025) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Turning Vane dan Modifikasi Inlet Transition Zone Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Heat Recovery Steam Generator Tipe Vertikal. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan energi nasional akibat pertumbuhan penduduk dan industri, diperlukan sistem pembangkitan yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan. Sistem Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) menjadi salah satu solusi yang menawarkan efisiensi tinggi, di mana Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) berperan penting dalam memanfaatkan panas buang dari turbin gas untuk menghasilkan uap. Namun, distribusi flue gas yang tidak merata pada area inlet transition zone HRSG dapat menurunkan performa termal. Pada PT. XYZ digunakan HRSG tipe vertikal, di mana flue gas mengalir ke atas melalui elemen pemanas seperti Preheater, economizer, evaporator, dan superheater. Sistem ini telah beroperasi sejak 1995 dan memainkan peran penting dalam pemulihan energi termal guna mendukung produksi listrik tambahan dari gas buang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan dua buah turning vane bergeometri airfoil NACA 0012 terhadap distribusi temperatur, kecepatan, tekanan statik, serta pressure drop pada HRSG tipe vertikal. Variasi dilakukan terhadap sudut kemiringan vane sebesar 15°, 20°, dan 25°, yang secara bersamaan juga memodifikasi geometri belokan (corner) pada inlet transition zone. Pemodelan geometri dilakukan menggunakan SolidWorks, dan simulasi numerik dijalankan menggunakan ANSYS Fluent versi 2025 R1 berbasis metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), dengan model turbulensi k–ε standard dalam domain tiga dimensi (3D) dan kondisi steady state. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengevaluasi unjuk kerja HRSG serta merumuskan konfigurasi geometri optimal dalam meningkatkan efisiensi perpindahan panas secara keseluruhan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan turning vane mampu mempengaruhi efisiensi perpindahan panas dan distribusi aliran pada HRSG. Modifikasi 1 (sudut 15°) memberikan penyerapan panas tertinggi sebesar 181295,75 W, namun disertai rasio performa terhadap penurunan tekanan sebesar 1,0909. Sementara itu, Modifikasi 2 (sudut 20°) mencatat penyerapan 172200,67 W dengan rasio performa 1,1185, sedangkan Modifikasi 3 (sudut 25°) memiliki total penyerapan 171392,22 W dan rasio performa tertinggi sebesar 1,1708. Meskipun Modifikasi 2 memiliki penyerapan panas lebih tinggi dibanding Modifikasi 3, tekanan yang dihasilkan juga lebih besar yaitu 309,73 Pa dibanding 305,85 Pa pada Modifikasi 3. Dengan demikian, konfigurasi turning vane 25° pada Modifikasi 3 dinilai paling optimal karena mampu menyeimbangkan efisiensi perpindahan panas dan menekan penurunan tekanan di dalam HRSG.
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As national energy demands increase due to population and industrial growth, more efficient and sustainable power generation systems are required. The Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) is one of the solutions that offers high efficiency, in which the Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) plays a vital role by utilizing exhaust heat from gas turbines to produce steam. However, the non-uniform distribution of flue gas in the inlet transition zone of the HRSG can reduce its thermal performance. At PT. XYZ, a vertical-type HRSG is used, where the flue gas flows through heating elements such as preheater, economizer, evaporator, and superheater. This system has been operating since 1995 and serves an important role in thermal energy recovery to support additional power generation from exhaust gases. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding two turning vanes with NACA 0012 airfoil geometry on the temperature, velocity, static pressure, and pressure drop distribution in a vertical-type HRSG. The variations were carried out on the duct inclination angles of 15°, 20°, and 25°, along with corner geometry modifications in the inlet transition zone. The geometry modeling was performed using SolidWorks, and numerical simulations were conducted in ANSYS Fluent 2025 R1 using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, with the standard k-ε turbulence model in a 3D domain under steady-state conditions. This study aims to evaluate the HRSG thermal performance and determine the optimal geometry configuration to enhance overall heat transfer efficiency. Simulation results show that the addition of turning vanes significantly affects heat transfer efficiency and flue gas flow distribution in the HRSG. Modification 1 (15° vane angle) achieved the highest heat absorption of 181295.75 W but with the lowest performance ratio of 1.0909. Meanwhile, Modification 2 (20°) recorded a heat absorption of 172200.67 W with a performance ratio of 1.1185. Modification 3 (25°) showed a heat absorption of 171392.22 W and the highest performance ratio of 1.1708. Although Modification 1 absorbed more heat than Modification 3, its pressure drop was higher at 308.34 Pa compared to 305.85 Pa in Modification 3 and 309.73 Pa in Modification 2. Therefore, the 25° vane configuration in Modification 3 is considered the most optimal, as it balances heat transfer efficiency while minimizing pressure loss in the HRSG.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Airfoil NACA 0012, HRSG Vertikal, Inlet Transition Zone, Turning vane, Vertical HRSG
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899.S68 Steam power plants T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Anita Dewi
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2025 07:57
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2025 07:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124190

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