Redesain Dan Optimasi Microgrid Plts Hibrid Di Pulau Palue Untuk Penyesuaian Lonjakan Beban Dan Keandalan Elektrifikasi Wilayah Kepulauan

Noor, Gilang Rausan Fikri (2023) Redesain Dan Optimasi Microgrid Plts Hibrid Di Pulau Palue Untuk Penyesuaian Lonjakan Beban Dan Keandalan Elektrifikasi Wilayah Kepulauan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Akses listrik yang andal dan berkelanjutan di wilayah kepulauan merupakan tantangan besar dalam mewujudkan transisi energi dan peningkatan rasio elektrifikasi nasional, khususnya di daerah tertinggal, terdepan dan terluar (3T). Pulau Palue di Nusa Tenggara Timur sebagai contoh sistem PLTS off-grid berkapasitas 760 kWp yang dibangun tahun 2021 mengalami penurunan kinerja signifikan. Kegagalan disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan beban yang tidak terprediksi serta ketidaksesuaian desain antara kapasitas pembangkitan PV dan sistem penyimpanan energi (BESS), sehingga sistem tidak mampu melayani beban selama 24 jam. Permasalahan utama yang dikaji adalah rendahnya tingkat keandalan sistem eksisting. Ditunjukkan oleh catatan manual operator dan laporan masyarakat atas pemadaman rutin karena beban tidak terlayani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan konfigurasi sistem microgrid hibrid berbasis PLTS yang optimal, andal dan hijau secara teknis maupun ekonomis serta dapat menjadi model perbaikan sistem EBT di wilayah serupa di Indonesia. Metode penelitian didasarkan pada nilai unmet load, renewable fraction juga keekonomiannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem eksisting diprediksi hanya memiliki Equivalent Availability Factor (EAF) sebesar 54,02% dan Loss of Load Probability (LoLP) mencapai 84,81%. Konfigurasi optimal yang direkomendasikan terdiri dari PLTS 1.247 kWp, BESS 1.680 kWh, dan PLTD 100 kW sebagai unit cadangan. Sistem ini terbukti mampu mencapai nilai unmet load 0%, Performance Ratio (PR) 83,52%, renewable fraction 84% pada Levelized Cost of Electicity (LCOE) $0.227/kWh.
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Reliable and sustainable electricity access in archipelagic regions poses significant challenges for energy transition and increasing national electrification ratios, particularly in underdeveloped, frontier, and outermost (3T) areas. Palue Island in East Nusa Tenggara serves as a case study, where a 760 kWp off-grid solar PV system established in 2021 has undergone substantial performance decline. This failure is primarily attributed to unanticipated load growth and a design mismatch between the PV generation capacity and the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), resulting in the system’s inability to provide a 24-hour electricity service. The primary problem investigated in this study is the low reliability of the existing system, as evidenced by manual operator logs and community reports of frequent blackouts due to unmet load. This study aims to formulate an optimal, reliable, and environmentally friendly PLTS-based hybrid microgrid configuration that is both technically and economically sound, serving as a model for renewable energy system upgrades in similar regions across Indonesia. The methodology focuses on unmet load, renewable fraction, and economic viability. Findings indicate that the existing system is predicted to achieve an Equivalent Availability Factor (EAF) of only 54.02% and a Loss of Load Probability (LoLP) reaching 84.81%. The recommended optimal configuration consists of a 1,247 kWp PLTS, a 1,680 kWh BESS, and a 100 kW Diesel Generator (PLTD) as a backup unit. This optimized system successfully eliminates unmet load, achieving a Performance Ratio (PR) of 83.52%, an 84% renewable fraction, and a Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) of $0.227/kWh.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	EAF, Microgrid, Monte Carlo, PLTS, Unmet Load, Solar PV
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) > Q180.55.M38 Mathematical models T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Gilang Rausan Fikri Noor
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2025 05:54
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2025 05:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124227

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